The fate of virulent Salmonella typhimurium within macrophages of guinea pigs was assessed by a suspended cell culture procedure. The present study confirmed that macrophages of normal guinea pigs were capable of inactivating the ingested salmonellae. Macrophages of previously infected guinea pigs were not endowed with any significant increase in their ability to eliminate the ingested pathogen...

Background: Ferritin is a key mediator of immune dysregulation, especially under extreme hyperferritinemia, via direct immune-suppressive and pro-inflammatory effects, contributing to the cytokine storm. In several studies, it was found that individuals with severe very COVID-19 exhibited increased serum ferritin level, being in group significantly higher than group
 Method: All patients h...

THESE EXPERIMENTS SHOW: 1. That the surface tension of normal blood serum is considerably lowered by standing undisturbed for a period of 1 hour (time-drop). 2. That the greatest time-drop recorded is with serum diluted approximately 10,000 times in fresh serum, and 50,000 times in heated serum. 3. That immune serum is not affected in the same manner by heat as is normal serum. Syphilitic serum...

The fate of virulent Salmonella typhimurium within macrophages of guinea pigs was assessed by a suspended cell culture procedure. The present study confirmed that macrophages of normal guinea pigs were capable of inactivating the ingested salmonellae. Macrophages of previously infected guinea pigs were not endowed with any significant increase in their ability to eliminate the ingested pathogen...

1. The injection of a single large dose of normal horse serum into rabbits results in the appearance 3 to 8 days later of erythematous and edematous reactions on the ears in 68.9 per cent of the animals. 2. The injections may be given by any of several routes and reactions appear when the site of injection is definitely distant from the ears. 3. Injections of various antisera into rabbits cause...

The occurrence in man of reactions subsequent to a first injection of certain foreign proteins has long been recognized and, following the general use of antisera of various types, these reactions were thoroughly studied by von Pirquet and Schick (1) who gave the name serum sickness or serum disease to this phenomenon. I t was possible to study it quite extensively as it occurs in man. However,...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Whether absorption of verotoxin (VT) 2 from the intestine in mice is inhibited by administration bovine immune colostral antibody against VT2 was investigated. METHODS Three-week-old mice were administered VT2 solution at 477.8 ng/mL or 955.6 ng/mL, and bovine immune colostral antibody against VT2 was then administered three times. Whey without antibody against VT2 was admi...

OBJECTIVE IL-12 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by different antigen presenting cells. It has been shown to exert a critical role in inducing Th1 phenotype, thus initiating cell-mediated immune responses, but the significance of IL-12 in rheumatic diseases is not clear. Aim of the study was to determine IL-12 serum levels in immune rheumatic diseases and to analyse the relationship of th...