A complete review of the known differentiators and their time-discretizations have been addressed in this study. To resolve drawbacks explicit (forward Euler) discretization, which is commonly utilized sliding-mode-based differentiators, implicit time discretization methods are proposed to handle set-valued functions. The schemes supported by some analytical results show crucial properties, for...

This paper applies method of continuous-time random walks for pedestrian flow simulation. In the model, pedestrians can walk forward or backward and turn left or right if there is no block. Velocities of pedestrian flow moving forward or diffusing are dominated by coefficients. The waiting time preceding each jump is assumed to follow an exponential distribution. To solve the model, a second-or...

The present study is focused on the application of two families implicit time-integration schemes for general time-dependent balance laws convection-diffusion-reaction type discretized by a hybridized discontinuous Galerkin method in space, namely backward differentiation formulas (BDF) and diagonally Runge-Kutta (DIRK) methods. Special attention devoted to embedded DIRK methods, which allow in...

In this paper, a closedloop strategy in the vertical plane is derived in order to determine the thrust direction of a launch vehicle in terms of velocitiestobe gained The two velocities-to-be-gained are utilized, here, for a given altitude and zero vertical speed in a specied nal time The formulation is obtained for constant gravity assumption, but it works when the velocitiesto-be-gained are o...

We have developed a three level implicit method for solution of the Helmholtz equation. Using the cubic spline in space and finite difference in time directions. The approach has been modied to drive Numerov type nite difference method. The method yield the tri-diagonal linear system of algebraic equations which can be solved by using a tri-diagonal solver. Stability and error estimation of the...