Abstract The multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm (MSISSA) is proposed to address the problems that (SSA) not rich in population diversity, and prone fall into local optimality poor accuracy solving multi-dimensional functions. Firstly, Cat mapping used initialize SSA population. Secondly, an elite reverse learning strategy introduced increase diversity improve global ability of SSA...

In this paper, we improve the calculation of the relic gravitational waves (RGW) in two aspects: First, we investigate the transfer function after considering the redshift-suppression effect, the accelerating expansion effect, the damping effect of free-streaming relativistic particles, and the damping effect of cosmic phase transition, and give a simple approximate analytic expression, which c...

We combine the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) with new Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data on the local velocity dispersion distribution function of E/S0 galaxies, φ(σ), to derive lens statistics constraints on ΩΛ and Ωm. Previous studies of this kind relied on a combination of the E/S0 galaxy luminosity function and the Faber-Jackson relation to characterize the lens galaxy population. Ho...

Strong gravitational lensing of waves can produce duplicate signals separated in time with different amplitudes. We consider the case which strong produces superthreshold gravitational-wave events and weaker subthreshold buried noise background. present GstLAL-based TargetEd Subthreshold Lensing seArch search method for using reduced template banks targeting specific confirmed events. perform a...

The optimization of industrial processes is a critical task for leveraging profitability and sustainability. To ensure the selection optimum process parameter levels in any process, numerous metaheuristic algorithms have been proposed so far. However, many are either computationally too expensive or become trapped pit local optima. counter these challenges, this paper, hybrid called PSO-GSA emp...