Soyabean oil-based emulsions high in linoleic acid used in parenteral nutrition (PN) could interfere with immune function and may increase the risk of septic complications. Olive oil-based emulsions, high in oleic acid, could have fewer immune effects. We compared the effects of a soyabean oil-based emulsion v. an olive oil-based emulsion on infection rate, appearance of new infection episodes,...

Brum M.C.S., Caron L., Chowdhury S.I., Weiblen R. & Flores E.F. 2010. Immunogenicity of an inactivated bovine herpesvirus type 5 strain defective in thymidine kinase and glycoprotein E. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):57-62. Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa M...

The dynamics and molecular mechanisms underlying vaccine immunity in early childhood remain poorly understood. Here we applied systems approaches to investigate the innate and adaptive responses to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) and MF59-adjuvanted TIV (ATIV) in 90 14- to 24-mo-old healthy children. MF59 enhanced the magnitude and kinetics of serum antibody titers following vacci...

The K-I and nephropathogenic K-II genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) have been isolated since 1995 and 1990, respectively, in Korea and commercial inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines containing KM91 (K-II type) and Massachusetts 41 strains have been used in the field. To date, genomic analyses of Korean IBV strains and animal models to test the pathogenicity of Korean IBVs to the repr...

Despite the intensive vaccination policy that has been put in place to control Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the recent emergence of NDV genotype VII strains in Korea has led to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. We assessed the ability of inactivated, oil-emulsion vaccines derived from La Sota or Ulster 2C NDV strains to protect chickens from challenge with Kr-005/00, which ...

there are numerous problems for using essential oil due to its low solubility in water, high vapor pressure and chemical and physical instability. use of nano-emulsions is a good idea for decreasing side effect of the essential oils and enhance their efficiency as well as delivery to hot spot. in addition, nano-emulsion system make smaller size particles and increase stability and shelf-life of...

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of illness in older adults. This study assessed efficacy of a vaccine for prevention of RSV-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI), defined by specified symptoms with virologic confirmation. Methods This phase 2b study evaluated RSV postfusion F protein (120 µg) with glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (5 µg) in 2% stable emulsi...

The steady deformation and breakup of emulsion drops in a uniform electric field are considered experimentally. Due to the low volume fraction of inner drops, the emulsions can be effectively assumed as Newtonian fluids with spatial nonuniformity. The measurements of the electrical properties show that the oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion drop behaves like a conducting drop. On the other hand, the w...

The preparation and formation mechanism of n-hexadecane/water emulsions using natural beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and chemically modified beta-CDs (triacylated beta-cyclodextrins) as an emulsifier were investigated. The stable water/oil (W/O) emulsion was formed using tripropanoyl-beta-CD (TP-beta-CD). From observation using the contact angle (theta(ow)) of precipitates derived from CD, it was ...

an inactivated trivalent fowl cholera vaccine consisted of serotypes 1, 3 and 4 pasteurella multocida strains was prepared. the vaccine provided 70-100% protection against challenge with homologous starins. elisa assay showed a considerable increase in antibody titer after towice vaccination of 8 weeks chickens. it was found that the trivalent vaccine can induce immunogenic response in vaccinat...