This study examines the effect of own income versus reference group income and the subjective factors considered important in a job for a sample of off farm migrants in China. We find that own income has a positive effect on job satisfaction while the effect of reference group income is gender specific. We find evidence that males experience a tunnelling effect (higher income coworkers increase...

It is probable that ‘The Farm Beneath the Sand’ will come to stand for a revolution in archaeological investigation. The authors show that a core of soil from an open field can provide a narrative of grazing animals, human occupation and their departure, just using DNA and AMS dating. In this case the conventional archaeological remains were nearby, and the sequence obtained by the old methods ...

In recent years, devolved governments in Kenya have been offering semi-formal credit programs to rural households. Despite the key role of this type enhancing welfare household welfare, little is known on determinants farm participation programs. Therefore, study sought identify factors influencing farmers’ program Kakamega county. The used a multi-stage sampling approach gather data from 179 r...

There is a school of thought that future demand for meat and other farm animal products is unsustainable for several reasons, including greenhouse gas emissions, especially from ruminants; standards of farm animal health and welfare, especially when farm animals are kept intensively; efficiency of conversion by livestock of solar energy into (human) food, particularly by pigs and poultry; water...

More robust cattle have the potential to increase farm profitability, improve animal welfare, reduce the contribution of ruminant livestock to greenhouse gas emissions and decrease the risk of food shortages in the face of increased variability in the farm environment. Breeding is a powerful tool for changing the robustness of cattle; however, insufficient recording of breeding goal traits and ...

Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. Abstract This paper attempts to improve the ability of farm managers and lenders to forecast expected financial performance of farm businesses using a neuro-fuzzy inference system. Ex-ante farn financial performance is examined to identify t...