Descending corticofugal projections are thought to play a critical role in shaping the responses of subcortical neurons. Here, we examine the origins and targets of ferret auditory corticocollicular projections. We show that the ectosylvian gyrus (EG), where the auditory cortex is located, can be subdivided into middle, anterior, and posterior regions according to the pattern of cytochrome oxid...

1302 The Institute of Medicine has defined sex as “the classification of living things, generally as male or female according to their reproductive organs and functions assigned by the chromosomal complement.” The term sex means biological differences between women and men, including chromosomes, sex organs, and hormonal contributions. Sex differences result from true biological differences in ...

We developed a gas-chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous determination of ethylene glycol (EG) and its major toxic metabolite, glycolic acid (GA), suitable for clinical use in instances of EG intoxication. After serum protein precipitation with acetonitrile (containing internal standard), the supernate is treated with 2,2-dimethoxypropane (containing dimethylformamide) to remove water,...

Transport infrastructure connectivity is a spatial basis for economic development and the spillover feedback effects of transport investment (TII) have become an impetus growth (EG). However, existing research does not consider TII on gross EG multiple structures. To explore relationships functional routes between EG, Durbin model (SDM) was used to empirically analyze effect from geographical p...

The objective of this study was to investigate how acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment affects brain function in Parkinson's disease (PD). Twelve patients with PD and either dementia or mild cognitive impairment underwent task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after 3 months of ChEI treatment and were compared with 15 age- and sex-matched neurologically healthy c...

INTRODUCTION Exercise-related injuries (ERIs) are a common cause of nonfatal emergency department and hospital visits. CrossFit is a high-intensity workout regimen whose popularity has grown rapidly. However, ERIs due to CrossFit remained under investigated. METHODS All patients who presented to the main hospital at a major academic center complaining of an injury sustained performing CrossFi...

Celiac disease is a gluten-dependent small intestinal disorder with characteristic, but non-specific histopathological features. A number of disorders may cause similar changes in small intestinal biopsies, but fail to respond to a gluten-free diet. Traditionally, infectious agents, such as giardiasis, were often believed to be responsible, but in many patients with a sprue-like intestinal diso...

HYPOTHESIS/BACKGROUND The indication to perform a shoulder arthroplasty is guided in part by a patient's intended level of activity after surgery. What level of activity should be safely recommended, and, presently, patient reported activity level is unknown. The purpose of this study was to define and compare the self-reported activities of patients following shoulder arthroplasty either total...