This paper presents the application of metaheuristic methods to the minimum crossing number problem for the first time. These algorithms including particle swarm optimization, improved ray optimization, colliding bodies optimization and enhanced colliding bodies optimization. For each method, a pseudo code is provided. The crossing number problem is NP-hard and has important applications in eng...

A three-dimensional micro-scale model was used to study some aspects of water bodies on the urban environment. This is of special importance in the field of urban climate, where ways and means to reduce the heat load produced by city residents need to be found. In a systematic study, the ranges and impacts for different sizes of water bodies were estimated and a fitted relation was given. Water...

The aim of this study is to extract water body using the integrated features of Landsat ETM+ and ALOS PALSAR data. Water body extracted from Landsat ETM+ tends to lose smaller water bodies like small rivers and ponds. Besides, water area with plant (lotus) is difficult to recognize. ALOS PALSAR data have a much higher resolution, capable of extracting almost all the water bodies without confusi...

Taking LandSat TM/ETM+ images as information source, this paper used the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to extract mining subsidence-resulted surface water body information in Yanzhou coal mining area. It was found that the extracted water body information would be mixed with solid-waste dumps. Taking DN 40 in band 5 as threshold value, the water bodies and solid-waste dumps were iden...