We document the evolution of the income distribution in rural China, from 1987 through 1999, with an emphasis on investigating increases in inequality associated with transition and economic development. With a backdrop of perceived improvements in average living standards, we ask whether increases of inequality may have offset, or even threaten welfare gains associated with economic reforms. T...

this study examined distrbution of household income in khorasan razavi province and the country for urban and rural areas, seprately. using household income and expenditure statistics compiled by the statistical center of iran during 2007-2012 the gini index, tile index, atkinson index and the tenth docile to the first docile were applied.the study findings indicate that during the studied peri...

the studies performed regarding the reasons for villagers’ migration to cities confirm the fact that the motivation for migrants to migrate is to attain higher incomes. the proposed method in this research to recuce migration is to transform the farmer into portfolio entrepreneurs. the applicability of this method to increase farmers' income to reduce their migration is tested throughout t...

Using long-term household panel data in rural villages in the Philippines, Thailand, Bangladesh and Tamil Nadu (India), this paper attempts to describe the changing sources of household income and to identify major factors affecting the decline in poverty in rural Asia. We found that the most decisive factor directly responsible for poverty reduction is the increased income from rural non-farm ...

in this research, we investigate the influence of profit management on the long-term performance of ipos in tehran stock exchange. the ipos in 1378 to 1384 are used as our sample and their long-term return in a three-year period after the ipo are calculated. we start calculating the return from the first day after the month in which the financial statement of ipo is published. discretionary cur...

The aim of this paper is to outline the relationship between income and assets when taking into account selected models farms' functioning. following farm are examined: traditional, industrial, sustainable, organic. Panel were used that based on results individual unpublished data for farms in Poland undertook agricultural accounting according Farm Accounting Data Network (FADN) principles from...