OBJECTIVE To investigate the determinants and quality of coverage decisions among uninsured choosing plans in a hypothetical health insurance marketplace. STUDY SETTING Two samples of uninsured individuals: one from an Internet-based sample comprised largely of young, healthy, tech-savvy individuals (n = 276), and the other from low-income, rural Virginians (n = 161). STUDY DESIGN We assess...

BACKGROUND Patient autonomy in antenatal screening is a high priority for policy developers in many countries. OBJECTIVE This paper presents women's understandings of how health professionals should facilitate informed screening choices with an emphasis on their understandings of autonomy and advice. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The study was carried out in 2009 in the UK, using a quali...

We estimate risk aversion and loss aversion for 550 experimental participants using the Multiple Price List elicitation method. On each screen of the experiment, participants make seven binary choices between a prospect that is held …xed and a sequence of seven (sure-thing) alternative outcomes. In a between-subject design, the set of alternative outcomes is varied by holding the lowest and hig...

Recent research in decision making reported a description-experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). Th...

People with symptoms of depression show impairments in decision-making. One explanation is that they have difficulty maintaining rich representations of the task environment. We test this hypothesis in the context of exploratory choice. We analyze depressive and non-depressive participants' exploration strategies by comparing their choices to two computational models: (1) an "Ideal Actor" model...

People with symptoms of depression show impairments in decision-making. One explanation is that they have difficulty maintaining rich representations of the task environment. We test this hypothesis in the context of exploratory choice. We analyze depressive and non-depressive participants’ exploration strategies by comparing their choices to two computational models: 1) an “Ideal Actor” model ...

In this paper the authors present a notion of “user-friendly” translation and describe a method for achieving it within a pragmatics-based approach to machine translation. The approach relies on modeling the beliefs of the participants in the translation process: the source language speaker and addressee, the translator and the target language addressee. Translation choices may vary according t...

Studies have shown that counterfactual reasoning can shape human decisions. However, there is a gap in the literature between counterfactual choices in description-based and experience-based paradigms. While studies using descriptionbased paradigms suggest participants maximize expected subjective emotion, studies using experience-based paradigms assume that participants learn the values of opt...