OBJECTIVE To identify the early life predictors of childhood intelligence. DESIGN Cohort study of 10 424 children who were born in Aberdeen (Scotland) between 1950 and 1956. RESULTS Social class of father around the time of birth, gravidity, maternal age, maternal physical condition, whether the child was born outside of marriage, prematurity, intrauterine growth, and childhood height were ...

AIMS To investigate whether health-related functioning mediates the effect of psychological job demands on sickness absence in nurses. BACKGROUND Nurses face high job demands that can have adverse health effects resulting in sickness absence. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up. METHODS Data for 2964 Norwegian nurses were collected in the period 2008-2010. At baseline, p...

1. Forty-six flocks of commercially-reared Pekin ducks were studied to determine the effects of housing system and environment on the behaviour of farmed ducks and its correlation with physical condition. Houses differed predominantly in their ventilation, drinking, feeding and brooding systems, and were indicative of systems currently in use in the UK. 2. At 41 d of age ducks spent 15% of the ...

Requiring that a Hamiltonian be Hermitian is overly restrictive. A consistent physical theory of quantum mechanics can be built on a complex Hamiltonian that is not Hermitian but satisfies the less restrictive and more physical condition of space-time reflection symmetry (PT symmetry). One might expect a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to lead to a violation of unitarity. However, if PT symmetry is n...

The question of why receivers accept a selfish signaller's message as reliable or 'honest' has fuelled ample controversy in discussions of communication. The handicap mechanism is now widely accepted as a potent constraint on cheating. Handicap signals are deemed reliable by their costs: signallers must choose between investing in the signal or in other aspects of fitness. Accordingly, resource...

A review of production of activated carbon from waste tire char is presented. This review compiles the work done by various researchers on the characterisation of activated carbon from tire char and its applications in liquid-phase adsorption. Effect of various process parameters particularly activation temperature, burn-off, surface area on the activation stage are reviewed. Influence of activ...

For migratory birds, early arrival and physical condition on the breeding grounds are important determinants of reproductive success and fitness. Differences in arrival times often exceed a month, and later arriving individuals are often in poorer condition. Habitat-specific isotopic signatures indicate that the quality of winter habitats occupied by American redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla) det...

Vaccination is a primary means used to control infectious diseases. Various epidemic models have been developed to find efficient vaccination strategies. However, few models and vaccination strategies have explicitly taken individual mobility into consideration. New models and vaccination strategies are needed for today’s highly mobile society. This paper presents an individual-based epidemic m...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ), a measure of readiness for transition from pediatric to adult healthcare for youth with special health care needs (YSHCN). METHODS We administered TRAQ to 192 YSHCN aged 16-26 years in three primary diagnostic categories, conducted factor analysis, and assessed differences in TRAQ scores b...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the perceived physical health status of Korean adolescents, adults, and elderly adults and their frequency, intensity, time, and duration of exercise. In 2012, 1,144 adolescents (under 18 years old), 6,474 adults (19-64 years old), and 1,382 elderly adults (over 65 years old) participated in the Korean Survey on Citizens' Sports ...