Symmetry and physical aspects of 'forbidden' reflections excited by a local polarization anisotropy of the X-ray susceptibility are surveyed. Such reflections are observed near absorption edges where the anisotropy is caused by distortions of the atomic electronic states owing to interaction with neighbouring atoms. As a consequence, they allow for extracting nontrivial information about the re...

Abstract To investigate the dominant deformational patterns and stress conditions in upper crustal structure of Kinki region, southern-central Japan, we constructed a high-resolution 3D azimuthal anisotropy model to depth ~ 11 km. We used 6-month-long ambient noise data recorded by densely distributed permanent temporary stations. From this dataset, cross-correlations were retrieved. then obtai...

We propose a new mechanism for surface-induced magnetic anisotropy to explain the thickness dependence of the Kondo resistivity of thin films of dilute magnetic alloys. The surface anisotropy energy, generated by spin-orbit coupling on the magnetic impurity itself, is an oscillating function of the distance d from the surface and decays as 1/d2. Numerical estimates based on simple models sugges...