After stroke, penumbral salvage determines clinical recovery. However, the rescued penumbra may be affected by selective neuronal loss, as documented both histopathologically in animals and using the validated in vivo positron emission tomography marker (11)C-flumazenil in humans. However, whether the non-infarcted penumbra is capable of neuronal activation, and how selective neuronal loss may ...

HDL, through sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), exerts direct cardioprotective effects on ischemic myocardium. It remains unclear whether other HDL-associated sphingophospholipids have similar effects. We therefore examined if HDL-associated sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) reduces infarct size in a mouse model of transient myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Intravenously administered SPC dose-depen...

We hypothesized that the neonatal rat heart would bring transplanted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to maturity as it grows to adult size. In neonatal rat heart, engrafted hiPSC derivatives developed partially matured myofibrils after 3 months, with increasing cell size and sarcomere length. There was no difference between grafts from hiPSC-CMs or hiPSC-d...

Background Intrathoracic fat volume (ITFV) is a reproducible imaging biomarker and has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction. Relationships between ITFV and adverse left ventricular remodeling of the non-infarcted myocardium are unknown. We explored the relationship between ITFV and 4D myocardial strainbased markers of adverse remodeling in the non-infarct...

Citation: Greiner J, Sankarankutty AC, Seemann G, Seidel T and Sachse FB (2018) Confocal Microscopy-Based Estimation of Parameters for Computational Modeling of Electrical Conduction in the Normal and Infarcted Heart. Front. Physiol. 9:239. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00239 Confocal Microscopy-Based Estimation of Parameters for Computational Modeling of Electrical Conduction in the Normal and Infar...

Little is known on the early homing features of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We used the isolated rat heart model to study the homing of MSCs injected in the ventricular wall of a beating heart. In this model all types of cells and matrix elements with their interactions are represented, while external interferences by endothelial/neutrophil interaction and neurohormonal factors ...

BACKGROUND Intracoronary infusion for cell transplantation has potential advantages in disseminating cells globally into the myocardium with less injury over direct intramuscular injection. Arterial route, however, has a risk of coronary embolism and a limitation in cell delivery into ischemic or infarcted areas. We assessed the efficiency of retrograde intracoronary cell implantation into infa...

RATIONALE Recent evidence indicates that the biological effects of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) cannot be fully explained by its catalytic activity. A cell surface receptor for sPLA2 (PLA2 receptor 1 [PLA2R]) and its high-affinity ligands (including sPLA2-IB, sPLA2-IIE, and sPLA2-X) are expressed in the infarcted myocardium. OBJECTIVE This study asked whether PLA2R might play a pathogen...

While a regenerative response is limited in the mammalian adult heart, it has been recently shown that the neonatal mammalian heart possesses a marked but transient capacity for regeneration after cardiac injury, including myocardial infarction. These findings evidence that the mammalian heart still retains a regenerative capacity and highlights the concept that the expression of distinct molec...