In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to clarify the early stages of viral kinetics and cycliccourse of IBDV, IR499, which has been described earlier as a very virulent strain (vvIBDV). Fifteen, 4-week-old SPF chickens were inoculated with 10³ EID50 of vvIBDV, IR499, via oculo/nasal route. Five birdsserved as controls, and inoculated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The birds were t...

BACKGROUND H6N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) are frequently isolated in Taiwan and lead to significant economic losses, either directly or indirectly through association with other infectious diseases. This study investigates immune responses to three different vaccines following a H6N1 challenge in different local breeds. METHODS Experimental animals were sampled from six loc...

The interaction between antibodies and the surface antigens of infectious bursal disease virus particles was studied in the agarose gel by using single radial hemolysis (SRH) test. Sonicated antigen was used to sensitize the Human "O" erythrocytes. Hemolytic zones, using the filter paper discs were observed after overnight incubation in humid chamber at 37C. Indirect Hemagglutination (IHA) and ...

An outer layer surrounding the capsid of infectious bursal disease virus was evident from electron micrographs of intact virus particles having diameters of 62 to 63 nm. The capsid was found to be composed of large morphological units or capsomeres, measuring about 12 nm in diameter. The architecture of the capsid appears to be that of T = 3 symmetry, with a probable 32 morphological units by r...