To compare the timeliness of nongovernmental and governmental communications of infectious disease outbreaks and evaluate trends for each over time, we investigated the time elapsed from the beginning of an outbreak to public reporting of the event. We found that governmental sources improved the timeliness of public reporting of infectious disease outbreaks during the study period.

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of systemic inflammatory syndromes on admission to a tertiary-care university pediatric intensive care unit (ICU), and relate this to length of hospital stay, risk of death and mortality rate. METHODS Cross-sectional, prospective, observational study, including all patients admitted to the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) ICU between August 1st 19...

background fever of unknown origin (fuo) is defined as the presence of fever in a child for eight or more days that a careful history and physical examination and preliminary laboratory results failed to reveal the probable cause of the fever. the causes of fuo are different according to geographical regions and age. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the common causes of childhood ...

increased susceptibility of birds to avian pathogens in intensive husbandry system has emphasized on necessity of improvement of innate and specific immune responses of birds by the fast establishment of a beneficial microflora and immune stimulator factors to guarantee healthy and low-price products. during this study, 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (ross-380) in four groups with three replica...

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are, by definition, transmitted between sexual partners. For curable STIs an infected index case can potentially re-infect the same partner multiple times. Thus, R0, the average number of secondary infections one typical infected individual will produce during his or her infectious period is not necessarily the same as the average number of secondary cases...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the influence and the effect of the war in the former Yugoslavia and of the United Nations economic sanctions on mortality from infectious diseases. DESIGN This was a descriptive study analysing mortality data time series. SETTING Central Serbia, Yugoslavia. PARTICIPANTS The population of central Serbia was the subject of the study (about six million inhabitan...

The early history of epidemiology is closely linked to the history of infectious diseases and can be divided into three distinct periods. The earliest period, which can be traced to the writings of Hippocrates in the third and fourth centuries B.C., was that of clinical description of diseases with little investigation into their specific characteristics and etiologies. The second period, spann...