The inflammatory response can be triggered by a number of different agents. Neutrophils are key players of the inflammatory response and have both protective roles as well as worsening the response. This review article examines potential areas of dampening the inflammatory response.

Interest in magnetic field (MF) therapy has increased rapidly in recent years as research shows that this noninvasive, cost-effective modality might be safer than drugs and surgical procedures for reduction of inflammation. Inflammation is a signal-mediated response to tissue invasion by pathogens or toxins or to injury or physical stresses. The immune response plays a pivotal role in reaction ...

I n the past decade, emphasis in the study of the pathogenesis of infectious diseases has shifted from determining the function of the cellular players in the inflammatory response to the mediators that orchestrate activation and regulation of this response [1]. According to current thinking, pulmonary sepsis begins when pathogens invade the sterile lower respiratory tract, leading to activatio...

Acute cardiomyocyte necrosis in the infarcted heart generates damage-associated molecular patterns, activating complement and toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 signaling, and triggering an intense inflammatory response. Inflammasomes also recognize danger signals and mediate sterile inflammatory response following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Inflammatory response serves to repair the hear...

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are hormones released during the stress response that are well known for their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties; however, recent advances have uncovered situations wherein they have effects in the opposite direction. The CNS is a particularly interesting example, both because of its unique immune environment, and because GCs affect immune responses differ...

Acute inflammation is a progressive medical condition characterized as systemic inflammatory response to an infection. If inadequately diagnosed and treated, acute inflammation culminates in sepsis, which is the leading cause of death in non-coronary intensive care units in the United States. In practice, clinicians make diagnostic and therapeutic decisions based on their experience and underst...

There is growing appreciation that other factors not traditionally considered components of the immune system foster inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The blood coagulation initiating factor XII was introduced as key mediator of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity by modulation of adaptive immune response. Moreov...

Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative condition. It is characterized by the salient inflammatory features, microglial activation and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines which contribute to the inflammatory states of the CNS. Accumulating data suggest the key role of inflammation in AD pathogenesis. In a prospective...

Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC is a suitable model of inflammation-induced cancer because more than 90% of HCC cases are caused by liver damage and chronic inflammation. Several inflammatory response pathways, such as NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways, play roles in the crosstalk between inflammation and HCC. ...