OBJECTIVE To determine the factors that influence the adequacy of enteral nutritional therapy in an intensive care unit. METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted in an intensive care unit between 2010 and 2012. Patients >18 years of age underwent exclusive enteral nutritional therapy for ≥72 hours. The energy and protein requirements were calculated according to the ICU prot...

Introduction. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) diagnosed sepsis in critically ill patients; however, its prediction for survival is not well established. We evaluated the prognostic value of dynamic changes of PCT in sepsis patients. Methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in adult ICU. Patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were recruited. Daily PCT were measure...

We have observed the symptoms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in male rats intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). Severe hypothermia, tachypnoea and increase in the heart beat min were diagnosed. These symptoms developed in the first hour of intoxication. The hepatic dysfunction was characterized by elevated bilirubin levels. In the sera we have measured increases in th...

The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and is thought to be due to an over-amplification of an inflammatory response. The Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) Asp-299-->Gly polymorphism has been shown to reduce lipopolysaccharide responsiveness. We examined whether this TLR4 polymorphism is associated with severity of SIRS. A trend was found bet...

beta-2 adrenoceptors in blood vessels are one of the active factors that play a role in regulation of tissue blood flow. in diabetic angiopathy, responsiveness of these receptors is decreased, while that is increased in inflammation. according to these opposite effects, the aim of this study was to investigate the vasodilatory response of knee joint blood vessels to salbutamol (beta-2 adrenocep...

Vincent JL, Martin GS and Levy MM recently wrote an article in Critical Care entitled “qSOFA does not replace SIRS in the definition of sepsis” [1]. In this paper they specified that “the qSOFA is meant to be used to raise suspicion of sepsis and prompt further action but it is not a replacement for SIRS and is not part of the definition of sepsis”. One of the starting points that induced the S...

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that affect the development of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) following retrograde intrarenal stone surgery (RIRS). Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of RIRS in the treatment of renal stones between August 2010 and January 2014. The patients were divided into two groups as patients devel...

The paradigm of systemic inflammatory response syndrome-to-compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome transition implies that hyperinflammation triggers acute sepsis mortality, whereas hypoinflammation (release of anti-inflammatory cytokines) in late sepsis induces chronic deaths. However, the exact humoral inflammatory mechanisms attributable to sepsis outcomes remain elusive. In the fir...

The Authors Reply We appreciate the interest and comments from Dr. Mustafa Hatipoglu et al. regarding our study (1). Their major concern is that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was not included in the Gram-positive cocci group for the comparison of the procalcitonin (PCT) levels between the patients with sepsis caused by Gram-positive cocci and that caused by Gram-negative rods. When we perfo...

Macrophage Activation Syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal disease, to be considered in patients with a SIRS like clinical presentation. Falling ESR and hyperferritinemia in the appropriate clinical setting can be the greatest clues. We report a case in which a female admitted with fever and rash, initially had systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) like clinical presentation, but e...