Although there are a number of injectable biomaterials currently under development, they present some drawbacks such as being based on synthetic polymers, needing toxic or aggressive synthesis procedures or using raw materials with low availability and/or high production costs. Having this in mind, a novel injectable biomaterial using chitooligosaccharides as starting materials was developed. T...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Long-acting antiretroviral (ARV) agents are currently under development for the treatment of chronic HIV infection. This review focuses on data recently produced on injectable ARVs for patients living with HIV/AIDS and on the patients' perspectives on the use of these agents. RECENT FINDINGS Crystalline nanoparticle formulations of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inh...

The list of injectable skin fillers available for soft tissue augmentation is constantly growing, giving aesthetic surgeons more options in the treatment of scars, lines, and wrinkles. Each type of filler is distinct with regard to intended use, placement technique, duration in tissue, ease of use, and cost. Physicians who are well acquainted with the strengths and weaknesses of each class of f...

Pre-operative considerations Pre-operative preparation of the horse may be fairly abbreviated when anesthesia and surgery are occurring in the field, however it is wise to conduct a brief physical exam. The cardiovascular system should be examined by ausculting the heart and palpating the pulse. Murmurs or heart block may or may not be normal, and should be recognized. An elevated heart rate ma...

Hospitals routinely treat patients suffering from overdoses of drugs or other toxic chemicals as a result of illicit drug consumption, suicide attempts or accidental exposures. However, for many life-threatening situations, specific antidotes are not available and treatment is largely based on emptying the stomach, administering activated charcoal or other general measures of intoxication suppo...

Seamless and minimally invasive three-dimensional interpenetration of electronics within artificial or natural structures could allow for continuous monitoring and manipulation of their properties. Flexible electronics provide a means for conforming electronics to non-planar surfaces, yet targeted delivery of flexible electronics to internal regions remains difficult. Here, we overcome this cha...

BACKGROUND Improvements in the clinical condition of patients with type 2 diabetes are often accompanied by improvements in health-related quality of life and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs), but data assessing injectable treatment initiation from the patient's perspective in routine clinical practice are lacking. We examined PROs in patients initiating injectable treatment in the CHOICE...

Injectable hydrogels have gained popularity for their controlled release, targeted delivery, and enhanced mechanical properties. They hold promise in cardiac regeneration, joint diseases, postoperative analgesia, ocular disorder treatment. Hydrogels enriched with nano-hydroxyapatite show potential bone addressing challenges of defects, osteoporosis, tumor-associated regeneration. In wound manag...

clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) rely on their capacity to home and engraft in the appropriate target tissues for a long time. homing and engraftment capacity of these stem cells depend on the expression of chemokines and their receptors. ex vivo expanded mscs exhibit homing potential when grafted to injury tissue but their homing efficiency has been observed very poor bec...

Cell–matrix interactions and glia involvement are crucial factors to be considered for the design of injectable hydrogels in treatment central nervous system pathologies.