The purpose of this paper is to describe a connection between model categories, a structure invented by algebraic topologists that allows one to introduce the ideas of homotopy theory to situations far removed from topological spaces, and cotorsion pairs, an algebraic notion that simultaneously generalizes the notion of projective and injective objects. In brief, a model category structure on a...

In this paper, all rings are associative with identity and all modules are unital left modules unless otherwise specified. Let R be a ring and M a module. N ≤M will mean N is a submodule of M. A submodule E of M is called essential in M (notation E ≤e M) if E∩A = 0 for any nonzero submodule A of M. Dually, a submodule S of M is called small in M (notation S M) if M = S+T for any proper submodul...

1. Let G be an algebraic linear group over a field F. If G acts by linear automorphisms on some vector space M over F we say that M is a rational G-module if it is the sum of finite-dimensional G-stable subspaces V such that the representation of G on each F is a rational representation of G. The rational G-module M is said to be rationally injective if, whenever U is a rational G-module and 0 ...

For a ring R, call a class C of R-modules (pure-) mono-correct if for any M,N ∈ C the existence of (pure) monomorphisms M → N and N → M implies M ' N . Extending results and ideas of Rososhek from rings to modules, it is shown that, for an R-module M , the class σ[M ] of all M -subgenerated modules is mono-correct if and only if M is semisimple, and the class of all weakly M -injective modules ...

We study the injective envelope I(X) of an operator space X, showing amongst other things that it is a self-dual C∗module. We describe the diagonal corners of the injective envelope of the canonical operator system associated with X. We prove that if X is an operator A-B-bimodule, then A and B can be represented completely contractively as subalgebras of these corners. Thus, the operator algebr...

A (right R-) module N is said to be a Whitehead test module for projectivity (shortly: a p-test module) provided for each module M , ExtR(M,N) = 0 implies M is projective. Dually, i-test modules are defined. For example, Z is a p-test abelian group iff each Whitehead group is free. Our first main result says that if R is a right hereditary non-right perfect ring, then the existence of p-test mo...