OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the movement of the playing season from winter to summer would alter the risk of injury to players taking part in first team European professional rugby league. METHODS The study design was a historical cohort design comparing winter and summer seasons in first team European rugby league, which recorded injuries received by players during match play. Each inju...

Injury criteria and risk curves are needed for anthropomorphic test devices (dummies) to assess injuries for improving human safety. The present state of knowledge is based on using injury outcomes and biomechanical metrics from post-mortem human subject (PMHS) and mechanical records from dummy tests. Data from these models are combined to develop dummy injury assessment risk curves (IARCs)/dum...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate injury rates, patterns, and risk factors in 4,916 Ontario farm children aged 0-18 years. SETTING 1,765 full time family operated Ontario farms with a husband-wife couple where the wife was of reproductive age. METHODS Injury details were obtained from mothers, while parents and farm operators provided risk factor information retrospectively in a population based mail ...

BACKGROUND At present, a large number of studies indicate that high dose ionizing radiation exposure is an important risk factor for liver damage. Whether protracted exposure to low external doses of ionizing radiation could induce liver injury is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of liver injury following protracted exposure to occupational radiation compared to a group of ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships between maternal perceptions of risk, stress, social support, safety-proofing behaviors, supervision practices and unintentional injuries to children under 5 years old. METHODS Household interviews were conducted with 159 mothers who had a preschool-age child. The secondary data were part of a population-based study that collected self-report data and ho...

The patients with renal diseases, especially end-stage renal disease (ESRD), are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disturbances. Some hormones such as brain natriuretic peptide appear to be important serum biomarkers in predicting cardiac death in ESRD patients. Renal diseases cause inflammation, anemia, uremic toxins, fluid overload, and electrolyte disturbance. Kidney transplantation ...

Background: To study if patients that have a second radiograph 2 or more years after nonoperative treatment of an isolated radial head fracture have radiocapitellar osteoarthritis (RC OA). Methods: We used the database of 3 academic hospitals in one health system from 1988 to 2013 to find patients with isolated radial head fractures (no associated ligament injury or fracture) that had a second ...

: Cardiopulmonary surgery is associated with risk of liver dysfunction due to hypoperfusion, release mediators by macrophages and drug induced injury.

OBJECTIVE Most previous research on etiological factors that predict children's unintentional injuries has focused on single independent risk factors that predict injury, but psychological methods and theory lend themselves to simultaneous consideration of multiple risk factors that might together create an increased or decreased risk for injury. METHOD One approach to considering multiple ri...