Titan is the only world we know, other than Earth, that has a liquid on its surface. It also has a thick atmosphere composed of nitrogen and methane with a thick organic haze. There are lakes, rain, and clouds of methane and ethane. Here, we address the question of carbon-based life living in Titan liquids. Photochemically produced organics, particularly acetylene, in Titan's atmosphere could b...

OBJECTIVES Derivation of between-individual biological variation (CVg) data requires repeat sampling of the same subject, which is undesirable and challenging in children. We describe an indirect sampling (data mining) approach to obtain these data in children. METHODS Twenty-two serum biochemistry results from 6,989 children, who visited their primary care physician in Queensland, Australia,...

Drug effects on myocardial contractile function are obviously of considerable practical importance for the toxicologist. The basic mechanism of such actions must reside at some point in the metabolism of cardiac muscle. Interference in the liberation of energy from the fuels that the heart uses may be implicated. It is possible that drugs may interfere with the storage (conservation) of that en...

Obtaining in situ chemical data from planetary bodies such as Mars or Europa can present significant challenges. The one analytical technique that has many of the requisite characteristics to meet such a challenge is electroanalysis. Described here are three electroanalytical devices designed for in situ geochemical and biological analysis on Mars. The Mars Environmental Compatibility Assessmen...

For the scientist completely ignorant of the DNA-RNA-Histone-Protein literature, this book provides some basic references and a relatively comprehensible, if incomplete, introduction to the subject. However, there are many books available that provide the same services in a more thorough and reliable manner. The part of the book concerned with development is skimpy and oversimplified to near me...

This book is one of a series developed for undergraduate medical students that fully integrates basic science, clinical medicine, and surgery featuring clinical cases, graphic narratives, and a selection of learning tools. The book comprises 260 pages, divided into 9 chapters. Each chapter starts with pre-assessment questions or a clinical case that helps to engage the reader and focus on the i...

Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids. They occur especially on the cellular surfaces of neuronal cells, where they form a complex pattern, but are also found in many other cell types. The paper provides a general overview on their structures, occurrence, and metabolism. Key functional, biochemical, and pathobiochemical aspects are summarized.