Dipole antenna is the simplest and widely used antenna in telecommunication applications which consists of two identical conductive metal wires. Dipole antenna performance is dependent on many parameters such as metal conductivity, length, radius of wire, surrounding medium, feeding point and etc. but, In this article, we are studying the effect of length and radius on the performance of these ...

Traditional didjeridus have a broad range of unknown bore geometries, and consequently have advantages for examining relationships between subjective and physical parameters. This study involved 7 experienced players assessing each of 38 traditionally made didjeridus in terms of 8 subjective parameters. Their assessments were then correlated with detailed measurements of acoustic input impedanc...

A comprehensive study of electromagnetic waves underwater propagation for a wireless sensor network is introduced in this paper. A mathematical model for the path loss due to attenuation of electromagnetic waves propagates in sea and pure water is given. Reflection from the air-water and water-sand interfaces as a function of distance between sensors and water depth is also introduced. A high g...

Using a nonlinear black-box model based on the Volterra theory it is possible to describe the nonlinear behavior of a high frequency amplifier. Acquiring only a strongly reduced set of measurements it is easy to predict the load impedance curves anywhere on a Smith Chart. The classic load-pull approach involves the acquisition of a large amount of data and still lacks a description of the nonli...

The conventional integrated lens antennas (ILAs) for beam steering suffer from internal reflections that deteriorate the scanning properties. The internal reflections are known to affect side lobes, cross-polarisation level, input impedance of the feed, and mutual coupling. In this paper, ILAs are designed to exhibit very low reflection loss, i.e., to minimize the internal reflections. Wide ran...

While Archimedean spiral antennas were invented a half-century ago, only selfcomplementary impedance can be evaluated directly from the Babinet’s principle. This paper examines the effects of metal width and arm spacing on printed spiral’s input impedance. A model is proposed based on examination by decomposition of planar spiral. A closed-form expression for the input impedance of Archimedean ...