Based on a review of instructional design models, previous papers identified first principles of instruction. These principles prescribe a cycle of instruction consisting of activation, demonstration, application, and integration. These instructional phases are best implemented in the context of real-world tasks. A Pebble-in-the-Pond approach to instructional development prescribes a task-cente...

This paper provides a review of existing instructional planning approaches, classified in two groups: delivery and content planning (Wasson, 1990). It is suggested that instructional planning doesn’t have to be associated with a particular teaching style or locus of control. Two examples are used to illustrate how instructional planning can implement different instructional strategies, some of ...

Over the past few years, the subject of movies getting louder has generated increasing concern within the film production community. In addition, it has become commonplace for movie-goers to claim that movies are too loud. Many theatres now project films at an audio fader setting below the calibration setting that would match that in the dubbing theatre, presumably because of audience complaints.

Movie directors and designers of displays for process control have one thing in common: they must display the inner state of a complex system in an understandable way to a group of spectators/operators that do not have direct access to the interior of the system. The paper redefines the three basic filmic units, cut, scene and sequence, and presents five topics from film theory that may give in...