as this quotation indicates, Charles Darwin was an attachment theorist. Although he focused on “society” (instead of significant others) and “comrades” (instead of attachment figures), Darwin was the first scientist to appreciate the full extent to which human social nature is a product of selection pressures. John Bowlby, who not only admired Darwin’s theoretical vision but was one of his biog...

BACKGROUND We present an intellectual property case in the United States to demonstrate the recent developments concerning patenting novel biomarker discoveries. A court struck down several patents owned by Myriad Genetics, which were related to breast cancer (BRCA1 and BRCA2). This decision can affect patent eligibility for inventions related to biomarkers, particularly genetic biomarkers. M...

While herdsmen have practiced the art of animal breeding since the beginning of domestication of livestock, the science of animal breeding is just now entering its second century. From its roots in Mendelian inheritance to the developments in quantitative genetics our field has grown to include modem molecular sciences. The practical applications of the field have been to genetically improve th...

Introduction. Opinion mining has been receiving increasing attention from a broad range of scientific communities since early 2000s. The present study aims to systematically investigate the intellectual structure of opinion mining research. Method. Using topic search, citation expansion, and patent search, we collected 5,596 bibliographic records of opinion mining research. Then, intellectual l...

The ozone layer acts like a shield in safeguarding the Earth by preventing the harmful ultraviolet radiations from entering into the atmosphere. Reported damage to the ozone layer in 1985 was a significant milestone in Antarctic science research. The research work played a significant role in generating international socio-political debate on this great environmental crisis. This article aims t...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between the intellectual capital of firms and their earnings quality. The Research was conducted with 158 accepted companies and 948 firm-year observations from Iran stock market. Empirical studies were conducted based on hypothesis by Value Added Intellectual Coefficient as measures of intellectual capital and taking absolute value of...

Executive Summary: The Productivity Commission is to be congratulated for producing a comprehensive discussion paper on the complex and tangled topic of right repair. Taking an interdisciplinary, holistic approach issue, shows strong understanding that repair multifaceted policy issue. Its draft report covers fields consumer law, competition policy, intellectual property, product stewardship, e...

Intellectual property rights are essential in today’s technology-driven age. Building a strategic IP portfolio is economically important from both an offensive and defensive standpoint. Applicable areas in Nanotechnology to which intellectual property rights can apply are presented. Some challenging issues surrounding the acquisition of IP rights in Nanotechnology are also presented. The Import...

Do Southern intellectual property rights (IPRs) affect Northern innovation? There is much theoretical debate on the impact of IPRs in the South on the incentives of Northern firms to innovate and transfer technologies to the South. While empirical research exists on the effects of Southern IPRs on Northern technology transfers, empirical evidence on the effects of Southern IPRs on Northern inno...