This review deals with the behaviour of river buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), in confinement and in extensive conditions, also focusing on the effects of different housing and rearing conditions on their welfare. The behavioural repertoire expressed by buffaloes in extensive and intensive conditions is similar to those displayed by other domestic ruminants. However, through natural selection, buff...

Beef cattle cultivation is a side job for farmers which carried out by family labor and the incomes are used to finance various needs of farmers’ family. This study aims determine use in beef livestock sales. The research was from October 2020 April 2021 two Women Farmers Groups (WFG) Bengkulu City Seluma Regency who received assistance government. Data were analyzed descriptively. results show...

Intensive vegetable farming has the potential to damage soil health, leading to poor productivity and large environmental impacts. This paper reports on changes in soil properties after three and a half years of vegetable cropping and discusses the implications for sustainability. A vegetable farming-systems experiment began in 1992 at Somersby, in NSW, Australia. The aim of the experiment was ...