The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial has conclusively established that intensive control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in persons aged 19 to 26 years (almost exclusively white, normotensive, nondyslipidemic, of normal weight, and insulin sensitive) reduces by +/- 50% the likelihood of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. In contrast, persons with non-insulin-dependent diab...

The advent of insulin therapy in the 1920s prolonged life expectancy in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, along with extended lifespan came increased morbidity and mortality associated with the microand macrovascular complications of diabetes. Because early insulin treatment regimens did not anticipate the need for multiple daily injections for tight glycemic control, hyperglycemia ...

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and progressive condition associated with the risk of invalidating microand macrovascular complications. Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of the condition and, despite much discussion, glycemic control remains a main goal of treatment in the attempt to prevent chronic complications. A beneficial effect of glycemic control was initially supported by the UK Diabetes Pros...

The efforts to achieve good glycemic control might damage the quality of life (QoL). This issue has not been elaborated in Indonesia because there was no diabetesspecific quesionnaire available in Indonesian language previously. This study would like to find out whether there is a correlation between glycemic control and QoL of adolescents aged 13-18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether women with pregestational diabetes obtained long-term benefits from an intensive diabetes management program during pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Women with pregestational diabetes who had attended an intensive diabetes management program in pregnancy between 1991 and 1999 were interviewed regarding diabetes self-management behaviors and current glycemi...

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem affecting 366 million people worldwide and its prevalence is growing rapidly. Diabetic eye disease is present in up to 25% of diabetic subjects. Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic complication of diabetes that can result in blindness. Generally, there are two stages of diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative and proliferative. The longer a person has ...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was the leading cause of severe visual impairment (VI) in subjects 25–64 years of age in the U.S. 30 to 40 years ago (1,2). At that time, severe VI (best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye) was 25 times as common in subjects with diabetes compared with those without diabetes. VI in subjects with diabetes resulted mainly from vitreous hemorrhag...

Glycemic control before, during, and after surgery reduces the risk of infectious complications; in critically ill surgical patients, intensive glycemic control may reduce mortality as well. The preoperative assessment is important in determining risk status and determining optimal management to avoid clinically significant hyper- or hypoglycemia. While patients with type 1 diabetes should rece...

Introduction Insulin independence is a realistic therapeutic goal in feline diabetes. Remission is dependent on achieving fast glycemic control. However, without intensive monitoring high insulin doses increase the risk of hypoglycemia. An 11-year old spayed Burmese cat presented with diabetes after steroid treatment for skin allergy. Control of blood glucose was not achieved using low carbohyd...