Genome-wide association (GWA) studies provide large amounts of high-dimensional data. GWA studies aim to identify variables that increase the risk for a given phenotype. Univariate examinations have provided some insights, but it appears that most diseases are affected by interactions of multiple factors, which can only be identified through a multivariate analysis. However, multivariate analys...

This study investigated the impact of interaction and output modality on vocabulary learning and retention of EFL learners. To investigate the impact of Interaction, solitary (n =69) and collaborative (n =62) groups served as experimental and No Interaction No Output (n =26) as control group. To address the effect of modality, spoken (n =39) and written (n =31) modalities served as experimental...

This study investigated the impact of interaction and output modality on vocabulary learning and retention of EFL learners. To investigate the impact of Interaction, solitary (n =69) and collaborative (n =62) groups served as experimental and No Interaction No Output (n =26) as control group. To address the effect of modality, spoken (n =39) and written (n =31) modalities served as experimental...

Torsional and the electrostatic parameters for molecular mechanics studies of retro-inverso modified peptides have been developed using quantum mechanical calculations. The resulting parameters have been compared with those calculated for conventional peptides. Rotational profiles, which were obtained spanning the corresponding dihedral angle, were corrected by removing the energy contributions...

This paper is concerned with a major hiatus in prescriptive decision analysis, which of course includes portions of the AI preferences field when used in interactions with human beings. In such settings, all multi-attribute decision aids must elicit some sort of preference ordering, and this entails quantitative judgments. Therein lies the rub: since all quantitative judgments involve cognitive...

This paper explores the formal specification of the physical behaviour of devices “unplugged” from their digital effects. By doing this we seek to better understand the nature of physical interaction and the way this can be exploited to improve the design of hybrid devices with both physical and digital features. We use modified state transition networks of the physical behaviour, which we call...

This paper estimates science production functions for R&D-performing firms in the United States using scientific papers as the measure of output, by analogy with patents. The underlying evidence covers 200 top U.S. R&D firms during 1981-1999 as well as 110 top U.S. universities. We find that industrial science builds on past scientific research inside and outside the firm, with most of the retu...

We consider the testing problem in a fixed-effects functional analysis of variance model. We test the null hypotheses that the functional main effects and the functional interactions are zeros against the composite nonparametric alternative hypotheses that they are separated away from zero in L2-norm and also possess some smoothness properties. We adapt the optimal (minimax) hypothesis testing ...

background: depression and smoking decrease health status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), but the combined effect of the two factors is unknown. this study aimed to assess the interactive effects of depression and smoking on the severity of patients with copd. methods: a prospective cohort study including 2,268 patients with copd was conducted in seven rural communities from ma...

the interaction of biomolecules with carbon nanotubes (cnts) has generated a great deal ofinterest in the past few years. the interaction between b-form single-strand dna (ssdna) andsingle-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) is a subject of intense current interest; however thereare a relatively small number of papers in the literature dealing with interaction of dna andswcnts. in this work we inv...