States’ trade policies are primarily determined by their desire to increase their domestic benefit in international economic transactions and to minimize their adverse consequences. Mercantilism and liberalism have been competing ideologies based on fundamentally different concepts of states’ relationships and transactions among them. 1 The purpose of the paper is to analyze the issue of trade ...

in this paper the trade restrictiveness of agricultural policies in iran was measured by the triindex for the nine major agricultural products including wheat, rice, barely, maize, soybean,meat (beef meat), soybean oil, sugar and banana over the period 1981 to 2007. the main resultsindicate that there is no trend in above index and high volatility especially in 2006 and 2007years due to conside...

This paper analyses public policy choices in the security economy from an economic perspective. It discusses the role of public goods for national and global security and identifies the importance of the firstand second-order indirect effects of insecurity on economic activity, which include the behavioural responses of agents and the government to security measures, akin to such effects in ins...

Alerted by outbreaks of foot and mouth disease and the swine fevers which have been attributed to international trade in meat, regulators have tended to adopt conservative policies with respect to the importation of meat. However, for disease introduction to occur as a result of meat importation, a number of criteria must be satisfied. A qualitative assessment of the risks posed by sheep and go...

Financial sector is one of the most influential sectors in economic activities. Empirical and theoretical studies conducted in recent years have also confirmed the significant role of financial institutions in economic growth. Additionally, trade and financial liberalization policies have been particular concerned with strategic policies in developed and developing countries. According to dynam...

The recent global crisis, as a big crash ( Baldwin and Simon , 2009), has reduced foreign demand growth affecting total countries’ exports. Given the importance of foreign trade to nations and the reality that recent crisis has affected international trade we study the effects of the global financial crisis on trade relations between countries by using Ma and Cheng (2003) approach and by appl...

The continuous friction for more than two centuries in softwood lumber trade between Canada and the United States only keeps escalating. The reason for the prolonged battle in the softwood lumber trade is the huge economic value of the bilateral lumber trade, the size of the lumber markets in both countries, and the adverse impact of one country’s policies on the other country’s lumber market. ...

Trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component of development strategies. Through greater efficiency in resource allocation, specialization in production, dissemination of knowledge and technological progress, and competition, trade liberalization should favor economic development and growth. How is this reflected in poverty? In theory, a more liberalized trade regime will m...

â â â â â â â â â â â  the recent global crisis, as a big crash ( baldwin and simon , 2009), has reduced foreign demand growth affecting total countries’ exports. given the importance of foreign trade to nations and the reality that recent crisis has affected international trade we study the effects of the global financial crisis on trade relations between countries by using ma and cheng (200...