Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) therapy has recently been shown to improve outcomes in pleural infection in a randomized trial. Published literature, to date, consists of only ∼50 patients who had received tPA/DNase. Safety data of this regimen remain limited. Pleural contents often track along chest drains, but the effect of tPA/DNase on subcutaneo...

OBJECTIVES To develop and assess a learning object about intramuscular medication administration for nursing undergraduates and nurses. METHOD A random, intentional and non-probabilistic sample was selected of nurses from a Brazilian social network of nursing and students from the Undergraduate Program at the University of São Paulo School of Nursing to serve as research subjects and assess t...

After a single intramuscular dose of flunitrazepam 0.015 mg kg-1 (n = 14) in women 37 to 41 weeks pregnant, the concentrations in the umbilical artery and amniotic fluid were significantly lower than in maternal venous plasma. Although the difference between the maternal venous and umbilical venous plasma concentrations was not significant, the mean fetomaternal ratio was 0.7. The plasma protei...

gesic drug" of value in rheumatic and similar affections. But it is almost entirely given by oral administration, and sometimes its use, even in large doses and over prolonged periods, is attended with disappointing results. 1 have used this drug by the intravenous and intramuscular routes for the past twelve years, and have found that this method of administration is far and away superior to a...

The pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion following single intramuscular administration of levofloxacin at a dose of 4 mg/kg was investigated in seven male cross bred calves. Appreciable plasma concentration of levofloxacin (0.38+/-0.06 microgram/ml) was detected at 1 min after injection and the peak plasma level of 3.07+/-0.08 microgram/ml was observed at 1 h. The drug level above MIC90 in pl...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to examine the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac (DCLF) in sheep after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) dosing. ANIMALS Healthy male Najdi sheep. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diclofenac (1 mg kg(-1)) was administered to ten clinically healthy-male Najdi sheep IV or IM (n = 5 each). Blood samples (5 mL) were collected and serum was separated for drug analysis...

DescriPtion oF the eviDence collection methoD A critical analysis of articles from the MEDLINE database was carried out using the following keywords (MeSH terms): asthma, asthma/epidemiology, asthma/therapy, oxygen therapy, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, adrenal cortex hormones, bronchodilators, albuterol, terbutaline, fenoterol, salmeterol, formot...

2. Thiamphenicol is used for the treatment and control of respiratory and intestinal infections in cattle and poultry; the routes of administration are oral or intramuscular. However, the substance is also intended for intramammary administration in both lactating and dry cows and for intrauterine administration in cows. Thiamphenicol is used for the treatment of pigs against respiratory and in...

A newly formulated colistin sulphate solution was prepared in a previous study as a potential agent for intramuscular injection and its effectiveness, toxicity and pharmacokinetics were investigated. In order to provide more information to establish scientific guidance for safe use of this preparation, its residue depletion in swine tissues following intramuscular administration was investigate...

a high dose (6 mg/kg) of lidocaine, and blood lidocaine levels were measured over a 4-hour study period. Intradeltoid injection produced higher blood lidocaine levels and more rapid development of peak blood levels than did intragluteal injection. Administration of high-dose lidocaine (average dose 450 mg) into the deltoid muscle produced the ideal combination of rapid peak blood levels (6.5 gg...