OBJECT The authors' aim in this study was to determine if standardizing the evaluation of intraoperative findings during endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) could predict patients with hydrocephalus in whom endoscopic treatment will fail and require ventriculoperitoneal shunt treatment. The creation of a uniform scale with predictive outcomes may reduce returns to the operating room for shun...

Standard methods for accurate intraoperative measurement of neuromuscular block are either expensive or inconvenient and are not used widely. We have evaluated a new method of monitoring neuromuscular block using a low-frequency microphone. The method is based on the phenomenon of low-frequency sound emission by contracting skeletal muscle. Acoustic monitoring (MIC) with an air-coupled micropho...

Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) is a battery of neurophysiologic tests used to assess the functional integrity of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and other peripheral nervous system structures (eg, brachial plexus) during spinal surgery. The underlying principle of IONM is to identify emerging insult to nervous system structures, pathways, and/or related vascular supply and to p...

T he major reason for monitoring intraoperative temperature is for detection of fever, malignant hyperthermia, and hypothermia. Inadvertent hypothermia-defined by an absolute core temperature <36”C-is by far the most common perioperative thermal disturbance. However, hypothermia may be difficult to evaluate using liquid-crystal thermography, because skin temperatures are l-4°C less than core te...

Ten patients with prior spinal cord trauma were examined preoperatively by metrizamide computed tomography (CT) and were studied subsequently by intraoperative spinal sonography. On comparing intraoperative sonography with metrizamide CT, it was found that metrizamide CT tends to overestimate the size and number of posttraumatic cysts, that areas of myelomalacia on metrizamide CT correspond to ...

&nbsp; Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were monitored during 20 operations, 13 for tumors in the posterior fossa and upper cervical region and seven for the treatment of aneurysms or carotid cavernous fistulae. Monitoring was technically satisfactory in 16 patients (80%). In two patients, monitoring was compromised by contamination with electrical noise. Two patients with mass le sions i...

OBJECTIVE To develop a reliable, user-friendly, intraoperative, electromyographic monitoring technique to decrease the incidence of injury to the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves. DESIGN Prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial of a nerve monitoring technique. SETTING Private tertiary care community hospital. PATIENTS A population-based sample of 31 patients scheduled to undergo ...

Bacground and Purpose: Hypertensive patients are more prone to perioperative ischaemia, arrythmias and cardiovascular instability. Attention should be paid to the presence of target organ damage, such as coronary

After the introduction of MRI, new modalities facilitated the procedure of surgical planning to achieve the microsurgical goal and improve prognosis and quality of life in patients. Despite the variable applications of preoperative and intraoperative mapping and monitoring systems, several limitations and concerns are reported for every modality as well. In this issue of the IrJNS, we are delig...

BACKGROUND Residual paralysis is common after general anesthesia involving administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs). Management of NMBDs and reversal is frequently guided by train-of-four (TOF) monitoring. We hypothesized that monitoring of eye muscles is associated with more frequent residual paralysis than monitoring at the adductor pollicis. METHODS This prospective cohort st...