Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as fetal growth less than the normal growth potential of a specific infant because of genetic or environmental factors. The terms IUGR and Small for Gestational Age (SGA) are often used alternatively to describe the same problem, although there exists subtle differences between the two. The burden of IUGR is concentrated mainly in Asia which acc...

A policy of expectant management until 32 weeks of gestation in 29 dichorionic pregnancies discordant for growth retardation resulted in an overall mortality of 24% (95% CI 13.9-37.2%) and a handicap of 2.2% (95% CI 0-12.0%). None of the normally grown co-twins died or was handicapped as a result of iatrogenic prematurity.

Angiogenic factors like placental growth factor and its antiangiogenic antagonist soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) are closely related to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Because it is known that altered maternal sFlt1 and placental growth factor levels are detectable weeks before the onset of these pregnancy complications, it was the aim of the st...

OBJECTIVE To detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and micro-vessel density (MVD) in patients with severe intrauterine adhesion before and after therapy, and to preliminarily explore the role of angiogenesis in the therapy of severe intrauterine adhesion. METHODS A total of 36 patients with severe intrauterine adhesion were prospectively recruited into the treatment grou...

background: intrauterine growth retardation (iugr) contributes significantly to fetal morbidity and mortality, but its etiology is unknown in most cases. objective: the aim of this study was to examine the association between inherited thrombophilia and iugr. materials and methods: a case-control study was performed in a tertiary referral center (afzalipour hospital) over 2-years period (2010-2...

BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) are factors that take part in placental angiogenesis. They are highly expressed during embryonic and fetal development, especially in the first trimester. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of placental angiogenesis in the development of intraut...

AIM To determine during the first trimester of pregnancy some serum and ultrasound markers that could improve perinatal morbidity and mortality in women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective study of pregnant women gestational age 11 weeks and 0 days--13 weeks and 6 days, consisting in the determination of pregnancy associated plasma protein (PAPP-A), m...

The growth-restricted fetus is a fetus who fails to reach his growth potential and is at risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality. When a fetus has an estimated weight below the 10th percentile, in the absence of congenital anomalies and in the presence of a normal amount of amniotic fluid, Doppler velocimetry gives the most important information to differentiate the truly growth-restricted f...

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been defined in several ways, but in general describes a condition in which the fetus exhibits poor growth in utero. This complication of pregnancy poses a significant public health burden as well as increased morbidity and mortality for the offspring. In human IUGR, alteration in fetal glucose and insulin homeostasis occurs in an effort to conserve en...

BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction is a major neonatal health issue. Maternal factors have been found to have greater impact on IUGR. Studying these factors can help in reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with IUGR. METHODS This case-control study was conducted at the department of Paediatrics Post-graduate medical institute Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from March 2008-A...