objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous and catheter directed thrombolysis by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase) in the patients with non-traumatic acute limb ischemia (ali). methods: this was a randomized clinical trial being performed between 2009 and 2011 in mashhad university of medical sciences. we included those patients who were<75 years, with symp...

This article will review the recent advances in managing acute pancreatitis. Supportive care has long been the standard of treatment for this disease despite extensive, but ultimately unsuccessful, efforts to develop disease-specific pharmacologic therapies. The primary interventions center on aggressive fluid resuscitation, initiation of early enteral nutrition, targeted antibiotic therapy, an...

Fluid resuscitation continues to be recommended as the first-line resuscitative therapy for all patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. The current acceptance of the therapy is based in part on long history and familiarity with its use in the resuscitation of other forms of shock, as well as on an incomplete and incorrect understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis. Recently, the safet...

The case of a 32-year-old parturient with a quintuplet pregnancy is described. The pregnancy had been complicated by premature labour which was treated with ritodrine tocolysis. Betamethasone was administered to hasten fetal lung maturation. The ritodrine therapy was complicated with fluid overload and pulmonary oedema requiring intravenous diuretic treatment. The patient presented urgently for...

Intravenous administration of fluids, drugs, and nutrition is very common in hospitals. Although insertion of peripheral and central cannulae and subsequent intravenous therapy are usually well tolerated, complications that prolong hospitalisation, and in some cases cause death, can arise on occasions. Additionally, many cannulae are inserted unnecessarily. This article seeks to review this are...

Intravenous administration of fluids, drugs, and nutrition is very common in hospitals. Although insertion of peripheral and central cannulae and subsequent intravenous therapy are usually well tolerated, complications that prolong hospitalisation, and in some cases cause death, can arise on occasions. Additionally, many cannulae are inserted unnecessarily. This article seeks to review this are...

BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are important causes of acute neurologic illness. Although the role of acyclovir in treating HSV encephalitis is clear, the role of antiviral therapy in HSV meningitis remains controversial. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed the charts of all patients with cerebrospinal fluid specimens positive for HS...

A 62-yr-old woman with an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation of intermittent fever, nausea and left flank discomfort. The computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a gas-forming, infectious cyst of approximately 8.1 cm in size in left kidney lower pole. Escherichia coli was identified from the cyst fluid culture examination. Her...

This study describes the introduction of Ondansetron to an established waiting room Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) for Emergency Department (ED) children with acute gastroenteritis, and evaluates its impact on intravenous fluid administration and admissions. Children who failed initial ORT while waiting further medical assessment received Ondansetron and ORT reattempted. Data collected over a s...

treatment of hydrocephalus in posterior fossa tumors in children is still a matter of controversy and different centers have their own routines. in this regard, hospital records of all children with posterior fossa tumors treated in our center during the interval of 1985-1995 were reviewed. patients’ demographic and diagnostic data were analyzed and the frequencies of shunting procedures were d...