OBJECTIVE To review the incidence, predictors and prognosis of bladder cancer recurrence after management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients who were surgically treated for UTUC from 1983 to 2013. The tumours were categorised according to the 1997 Tumour-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging and the three-tiered World Health Organizat...

PURPOSE We investigated bladder function, with a special focus on nonvoiding contractions (NVCs), in awake rats with chronic chemical cystitis and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by use of simultaneous registrations of intravesical and intraabdominal pressures. In addition, we tested the effects of tolterodine on the NVCs in these models. METHODS A total of 20 female Sprague-Dawley rats were...

OBJECTIVE Interstitial cystitis is a condition with a poorly understood etiology and, consequently, various treatment options have been described in the literature, with a less than optimal outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the role of a combination of intravesical hydrocortisone and heparin, together with oral bladder sedatives and systemic triamcinolone, for the treatment of inter...

The mechanism by which transitional tumor cells adhere to areas of urothelial injury and the means by which heparin prevents this phenom enon were studied. Scanning electron microscopy and a radiolabeled tumor cell adherence assay were used to assess the activity of heparin and a "nonglycosaminoglycan" thrombolytic agent, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, in preventing tumor cell adhere...

BACKGROUND Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains a first-line treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Although its use is relatively safe, severe complications such as granulomatous hepatitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonitis, and sepsis occur in few patients. Complications of intravesical instillation of BCG can be local or systemic, with e...

The intravesical instilation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a widely used and efficacious procedure for treatment of intermediate to high-grade superficial bladder cancer. The occurrence of osteoarticular side effects is infrequent compared to the number of administrated doses, and reactive arthritis is included within these effects. We present the case of a 54 years old HLA-27 (+) male, ...

As a treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intravesical instillation can rarely cause unpredictable systemic side effects. We describe a patient admitted due to continuous pyrexia and general fatigue. He was previously treated with intravesical BCG. Laboratory data indicated a hepatic disorder, and chest computed tomography revealed extensive bila...

An aging population and latent effects from exposure to carcinogens will likely augment the current trend of increased incidence of urinary bladder cancer. Intravesical antineoplastic therapy is a common treatment for urinary bladder cancer. Transurethral resection of bladder tumors often is followed immediately by the instillation of an antineoplastic agent in the operating room or postanesthe...