This paper discusses the main advances in fetal surgical therapy aiming to inform health care professionals about the state-of-the-art techniques and future challenges in this field. We discuss the necessary steps of technical evolution from the initial open fetal surgery approach until the development of minimally invasive techniques of fetal endoscopic surgery (fetoscopy).

Laparoscopic procedures continue to gain popularity over traditional open procedures for a number of abdominal and pelvic surgeries. With increasing experience, the application of this technique is rising because it provides an alternative, less invasive, approach to various surgical procedures. Herein, we report our experience with adult patients with polycystic kidney disease, requiring bilat...

Diaphragmatic hernias are typically congenital or caused by trauma. Delayed presentation is not uncommon. Repair can be undertaken through an open or minimally invasive abdominal or thoracic approach. Small defects can be repaired with sutures, while larger defects require a mesh repair. This patient's comorbidities precluded him from surgery.

Traditional open anterior and posterior approaches for the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine are associated with approach-related morbidity and limited surgical access to the level of abnormality. This article describes the minimally invasive anterolateral corpectomy for the treatment of spinal tumors, and reviews the current literature.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was first described in 1992 by Gagner et al. In present this minimally invasive procedure are become “gold standard” surgical management of Cushing’s syndrome, pheochromocytoma, aldosteronoma, and adrenal incidentaloma. Benefit outcome of laparoscopic adrenalectomy are less postoperative pain, decrease postoperative morbidity, decreased hospital stay and allow patient...

The surgical treatment of spinal metastases is still controversial. Due to developments in diagnostic imaging there has been a great evolution in minimally invasive surgical techniques for the spinal surgery. Most of the patients with spinal metastases are debilitated and under high risk of major surgical morbidity and mortality. Less perioperative pain, less blood loss, less hospitalization ti...

Discussion and conclusion: This approach is minimally invasive compared to open surgeries with early return of normal swallowing and speech postoperatively. It also offers diagnostic benefit for submucosal tumours and does not require additional training or funding for expensive new equipment. We find this method to be of considerable clinical usefulness in the management of base of tongue tumo...

OBJECTIVES. To investigate use of the R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score in relation to the choice of treatment and postoperative complications for renal masses. DESIGN. Case series. SETTING. A tertiary referral hospital in Hong Kong. PATIENTS. Data of patients undergoing nephrectomy were collected retrospectively from a clinical database and analysed. A R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score was allocated to ...

BACKGROUND In the late '80s the successes of the laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder disease laid the foundations on the modern use of this surgical technique in a variety of diseases. In the last 20 years, laparoscopic colorectal surgery had become a popular treatment option for colorectal cancer patients. DISCUSSION Many studies emphasized on the benefits stating the significant advantages...

context the current literature suggests that minimally invasive surgery is associated with faster recovery and less morbidity than open surgery. parenchyma-sparing pancreatectomy is minimally invasive surgery, including enucleation, inferior head pancreatectomy, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy, and central pancreatectomy, combined pancreatectomy such as inferior head pancreatectomy plus...