Tunnel ionization belongs to the fundamental processes of atomic physics. The so-called two-step model, which describes the ionization as instantaneous tunneling at the electric field maximum and classical motion afterwards with zero exit momentum, is commonly employed to describe tunnel ionization in adiabatic regimes. In this contribution, we show by solving numerically the time-dependent Sch...

The structures and stability of 531 novel boron nitride substituted isomers of 12-crown-4 etherverified theoretically. For a collection of 23 selected BN isomers, structural geometry, vibrationalstability, energy gaps, natural bond population analysis, and nonlinear optical responses investigatedtheoretically. The changes of standard enthalpies for ionization reactions and electron affinityreac...

Application of a parallel-projection inversion technique to z-scan spectra of multiply charged xenon and krypton ions, obtained by non-resonant field ionization of neutral targets, has for the first time permitted the direct observation of intensity-dependent ionization probabilities. These ionization efficiency curves have highlighted the presence of structure in the tunnelling regime, previou...

The processes of double ionization by absorption or inelastic (Compton) scattering of a photon from atomic systems are of fundamental interest. This is due to the fact that the two-electron emission is exclusively caused by the electron-electron interaction, the accurate treatment of which is still one of the main tasks for different theoretical approaches. As a target, it is usual to use the n...

BACKGROUND Psychological effects of air ions have been reported for more than 80 years in the media and scientific literature. This study summarizes a qualitative literature review and quantitative meta-analysis, where applicable, that examines the potential effects of exposure to negative and positive air ions on psychological measures of mood and emotional state. METHODS A structured litera...

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The valence ionization and double ionization spectra of the water molecule, of the water dimer, and the cyclic water clusters (H2O)3 and (H2O)4 are calculated by ab initio Green's function methods and discussed in some detail. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the development of the spectra with increasing cluster size. Electronic decay following inner valence ionization is addres...

From the pulse length dependence of the absorption of intense ultrashort laser pulses focused inside fused silica, we reveal the role field-assisted collisional ionization plays in the multiphoton ionization process. This constitutes a cold avalanche ionization mechanism that persists at pulse lengths considered too short for a traditional avalanche.