Flexible employment arrangements where workers only provide labour (and are paid) when requested to by their employer have proliferated. How do react the resulting instability in work schedules and pay? This study seeks an answer using experimental methods. 301 low-income, working age, non-student individuals took part on-line experiment simulating standard zero-hours contractual conditions. Re...

Understanding security failures of cryptographic protocols is the key to both patching existing protocols and designing future schemes. In NSS’10, Shao and Chin pointed out that Hsiang and Shih’s dynamic ID-based remote user authentication scheme for multi-server environment is vulnerable to server spoofing attack and fails to preserve user anonymity, and further proposed an improved version wh...

Females’ Willingness to Work and the Discouragement Effect of a Poor Local Childcare Provision We analyze the effects of regional structures on females’ willingness to work as well as on the probability that non-employed women who are willing to work actually will engage in job search. Special permission was granted to link regional data to individual respondents in the German Socio-Economic Pa...

Solving major, persistent public health problems requires new policies and more aggressive, sweeping interventions that affect large populations. We need well-conceived health policies and effective interventions for environmental change, but are we likely to get them? To find out, the Directors of Health Promotion and Education and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiated ...

Exploring further the properties of ITRM -recognizable reals started in [Ca], we provide a detailed analysis of recognizable reals and their distribution in Gödels constructible universe L. In particular, we show that new unrecognizables are generated at every index γ ≥ ω ω . We give a machine-independent characterization of recognizability by proving that a real r is recognizable iff it is Σ1-...

Phytoextraction may be applied at field scale when the removal of bioavailable metals is the specific target of the technology. Residual metals in soil can be considered substantially inert or to be evaluated by site specific risk analysis.

Employees increasingly use cloud services of third party providers to efficiently perform their job. Interestingly, the majority adopts the cloud without approval of the organization. IT resources like that are commonly referred to as shadow IT. Although widespread in practice, the present literature on shadow IT is scarce lacking a clear definition of the phenomenon and exclusively focusing on...