Abstract— In this paper, the design of a hip joint of an exoskeleton is presented so as to automatically assist the hip joint motion of a physically weak person. A spherical three-degrees-of-freedom parallel mechanism is used for the purpose. The problem is framed as an optimization problem with an objective of determining the proper connection points for the links of the structure at the human...

In surgical knee replacement, the damaged knee joint is replaced with artificial prostheses. An accurate clinical evaluation must be carried out before applying knee prostheses to ensure optimal outcome from surgical operations and to reduce the probability of having long-term problems. Useful information can be inferred from estimates of the stress acting onto the bone-prosthesis system of the...

We present a methodology for motion tracking and visualization of the hip joint by combining MR images and optical motion capture systems. MRI is typically used to capture the subject’s anatomy while optical systems are used to capture and analyse the relative movement between adjacent bones of the joint. Reflective markers are attached to the subject’s skin and their trajectories are tracked a...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate temporomandibular joint morphology and to compare possible structural variations in the temporomandibular joint anatomy of symptomatic anterior disk displacement patients with possible structural variations in the temporomandibular joint anatomy of symptom-free volunteers. STUDY DESIGN Fifty-six symptomatic patients and 25 symptom-free volun...

There is a thin bony pedicle joining the lenticular plate to the rest of the long process of the incus. We have previously presented a brief review of its anatomy; new histological observations in cat; and a simplified finite-element model of the long process, pedicle, lenticular plate, incudostapedial joint and stapes head in the cat. Low-frequency simulations suggested that there may be more ...

Our previous reports on the pathological anatomy and operative treatment of intra-articular fractures of the calcaneum failed to take account of the fracture pattern anterior to the posterior facet of the subtalar joint. We have reviewed our experience of 63 operative cases and have studied fractures with axial and coronal CT scans reconstructed onto plastic model bones. A constant anterolatera...

OBJECTIVE In our study, we evaluated the potential of micro-CT for the assessment of the rat knee joint using ex vivo micro-CT arthrography. The aims of the study were to introduce the technique of micro-CT arthrography and to visualize the normal anatomy of the rat knee. The secondary aims were the quantification of retropatellar cartilage thickness and the analysis of microstructural cancello...

Untreated distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) injuries can give rise to long lasting complaints. Although common, diagnosis and treatment of DRUJ injuries remains a challenge. The articulating anatomy of the distal radius and ulna, among others, enables an extensive range of forearm pronosupination movements. Stabilization of this joint is provided by both intrinsic and extrinsic stabilizers and the...

The Lapidus procedure affords correction of a multitude of first ray pathologic entities. When reconstructing the first ray using the Lapidus procedure, the relocation of the first metatarsal over the sesamoid bones with frontal plane rotation should be considered one of the key components. In the present technical report, we have described a bunion correction with emphasis on sesamoid reductio...

This report is based on a case of temporomandibular joint ankylosis discovered in a cadaver during routine student dissection in the Department of Anatomy at Tokyo Dental College. Extensive osseous ankylosis in the left temporomandibular joint was evident in this case which exhibited a distinctive bird-like facial deformity caused by a mandibular growth disorder. This resulted in the underdevel...