The well known fuzzy partition clustering algorithms are most based on Euclidean distance function, which can only be used to detect spherical structural clusters. Gustafson-Kessel (GK) clustering algorithm and Gath-Geva (GG) clustering algorithm, were developed to detect non-spherical structural clusters, but both of them based on semi-supervised Mahalanobis distance needed additional prior in...

The outer surface of the archaebacterium Haloferax volcanii (formerly named Halobacterium volcanii) is covered with a hexagonally packed surface (S) layer. The gene coding for the S-layer protein was cloned and sequenced. The mature polypeptide is composed of 794 amino acids and is preceded by a typical signal sequence of 34 amino acid residues. A highly hydrophobic stretch of 20 amino acids at...

The effect of pulsatile pulmonary flow after the modified Fontan procedure was examined in a model that simulated the right heart. An inlet overflow tank (preload), axial pulsatile pump, Wind-Kessel model (afterload), and an outlet overflow tank were connected in series. The standard conditions were flow 2.00 l/min with 12 mm Hg preload pressure, 3.0 Wood units resistance, and an outlet overflo...

Studies on a variety of cells which excrete protein have established that synthesis of the protein occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and that subsequent concentration, storage, and excretion occur via the Golgi apparatus (see Beams and Kessel, 1968 for review) . Ultrastructural radioautographie studies on the mode of collagen excretion, however, have been variously interpreted in respect to t...

Satellite association has been suggested as having an aetiological role in the development of chromosomal abnormalities (Ferguson-Smith and Handmaker, 1961; Ohno, Trujillo, Kaplan, and Kinosita, 1961; Ferguson-Smith, 1964). In a study corroborating this theory, some of the unaffected parents of subjects with translocation trisomy-21 were found to have an increased percentage of cells exhibiting...

In synchronized Euglena gracilis (light-dark regime of 14:10 hours) the successive formation of the photosynthetic apparatus during cell ontogeny is correlated with large changes in photosynthetic efficiency (P Brandt, B von Kessel 1983 Plant Physiol 72: 616-619; B Kohnke, P Brandt 1984 Biochim Biophys Acta 766: 156-160). This observation led us to investigate the functional association of the ...

The present investigation sought to determine the extent to which primary changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) might influence the calculated aortic impedance. In seven open-chest, anesthetized, autonomically blocked dogs, we measured aortic impedance using white-noise analysis at various levels of MAP achieved by adjusting the height of a left atrial reservoir rather than by pharmacological...

A common form of evolutionary variation between vertebrate taxa is the different numbers of segments that contribute to various regions of the anterior-posterior axis; cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, etc. The term 'transposition' is used to describe this phenomenon. Genetic experiments with homeotic genes in mice have demonstrated that Hox genes are in part responsible for the specifica...

The chick embryo – past, present and future as a model system in developmental biology 1011 PART I: The chick as a classical system for the study of development L. Wolpert (UK) Much more from the chicken's egg than breakfast – a wonderful model system 1015 C. Tickle (UK) The contribution of chicken embryology to the understanding of vertebrate limb development 1019 L. Wittler, M. Kessel (German...

Seasonal adjustment methods transform observed time series data into estimated data, where these estimated data are constructed such that they show no or almost no seasonal variation. An advantage of model-based methods is that these can provide con dence intervals around the seasonally adjusted data. One particularly useful time series model for seasonal adjustment is the basic structural time...