The mere exposure effect is defined as enhanced attitude toward a stimulus that has been repeatedly exposed. Repetition priming is defined as facilitated processing of a previously exposed stimulus. We conducted a direct comparison between the two phenomena to test the assumption that the mere exposure effect represents an example of repetition priming. In two experiments, having studied a set ...

stylistics is one of the branches of literary criticism benefiting from linguistics and rhetoric to analyze the text and emphasizes on three essential elements namely text, writer and addressee in literary and critical examination of the work. an’ã¢m (the cattles) surah is a the long surah of koran indicating mainly three columns of islamic ideology and all the vocabulary and artistic images ...

Speech perception is often seen as a passive process guided by physical stimulus properties. However, ongoing brain dynamics could influence the subsequent perceptual organization of the speech, to an as yet unknown extent. To elucidate this issue, we analyzed EEG oscillatory activity before and immediately after the repetitive auditory presentation of words inducing the so-called verbal transf...

in order to determine iron and lead content of seminal plasma in water buffalo and to study their associations with the semen characteristics, 54 semen samples were collected from 10 buffalo bulls. the semen characteristics were evaluated; its iron and lead content were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. the iron and lead content of the seminal plasma (mean ± sem) was recorded as...

microspore culture was applied to induce embryogenesis in roses (rosa hybrida) cv. hav1. important factors affecting viability of isolated microspores and formation of multi-cellular structures including isolation media (nln, ab, b) and induction media were studied. the most responsive developmental stage of microspores (late unicellular) was determined using dapi staining. the least infection ...

molecular detection techniques are believed to be key tools for both prevention and treatment follow up of brucellosis within live stock and human beings. consequently rapid, reliable, easy to perform and automated systems for brucella detection are urgently needed to allow early diagnosis and adequate antibiotic therapy in time. brucellosis is a worldwide re-emerging zoonosis causing high econ...

abstract background and objective: according to the issue of dependence and tolerance in addicted patients, the inefficiency of existing treatments and the new recommendation for drug combination therapy for diseases in modern pharmacology, the present study examined the effect of methadone and valproate combination on morphine dependence and tolerance. materials and methods: ninety-eight male ...

introduction: ghrelin is a potent orexigenic agent in rodents and humans. some studies have shown that ghrelin participates in the adaptive response to weight loss and plasma concentration of ghrelin rises with dieting. on the other hand, weight loss and fasting is accompanied by increased levels of epinephrine and cortisol. in this study, we investigated the effects of epinephrine and cortisol...