We review the existing literature on measurement of human capital. Broadly speaking, economists have proposed three approaches to constructing capital measures—the indicator approach, cost and income approach. Studies employing approach used single measures such as average years schooling or indexes multiple measures. The values investments based spending. by looking forward increment expected ...

Both human capital accumulation and Lazear contracts can explain the raising wage of salary/wage worker through job experience or tenure. To distinguish between these two effects, Lazear and Moore (1984) used self-employed workers’ wage growth to partial out the effect of human capital accumulation from salary/wage workers’ wage growth. When the human capital accumulation behavior is identical ...

The social capital and human capital have been conceptualized as key resources that may facilitate the performance of new ventures. Yet, despite a surge of studies examining the role of social capital and human capital in the entrepreneurial process, no quantitative assessments have been made of the empirical evidence to date. In an effort to systematically review past research results, I condu...

abstract. this study aims to identify and prioritize the factors affect the effectiveness of human resources at islamic azad university of karaj. the research is descriptive-survey method because researchers use a questionnaire, content validity and the experts’ point of views are used to assess the validity of questionnaire and cronbach's alpha was used to assess the reliability. to measu...