The dissemination of the practice of collaborative authorship (coauthorship) in Brazil and in the international scientific community has been accompanied by an increasing occurrence of frauds, manipulations and other deviations in the assignment of responsibility for a scientific paper. This article discusses the criteria for authorship attribution, the reasons for the growing indices of coauth...

The Author Identification task for PAN 2016 consisted of three different Sub-tasks: authorship clustering, authorship links and author diarization. We developed a machine learning approaches for two of three of these tasks. For the two authorship related tasks we created various sets of feature spaces. The challenge was to combine these feature spaces to enable the machine learning algorithms t...

Discussions about authorship often arise in multi-centre clinical trials. Such trials may involve up to hundreds of contributors of whom some will eventually co-author the final publication. It is, however, often impossible to involve all contributors in the manuscript process sufficiently for them to qualify for authorship as defined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. T...

Kin selection theory, also known as inclusive fitness theory, has been the subject of much debate and misunderstanding. Nevertheless, the idea that relatedness among individuals can drive the evolution of altruism has emerged as a central paradigm in evolutionary biology. Or has it? In two recent articles, E.O. Wilson argues that kin selection should no longer be considered the main explanation...

Darwinian evolution, defined as evolution arising from selection based directly on the properties of individuals, does not account for cultural constructs providing the organizational basis of human societies. The difficulty with linking Darwinian evolution to structural properties of cultural constructs is exemplified with kinship terminologies, a cultural construct that structures and delinea...

BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, the promotion of collaborative partnerships involving researchers from low and middle income countries with those from high income countries has been a major development in global health research. Ideally, these partnerships would lead to more equitable collaboration including the sharing of research responsibilities and rewards. While collaborative partner...

The purpose of authorship search is to identify documents written by a particular author in large document collections. Standard search engines match documents to queries based on topic, and are not applicable to authorship search. In this paper we propose an approach to authorship search based on information theory. We propose relative entropy of style markers for ranking, inspired by the lang...

Human kinship and associated terminology vary a lot across cultures, but many anthropologists have suspected that a common set of principles underlies this variation. I argue that cross-cultural variation in kin classification is produced by a generative psychology built on two broad classes of rules. Some rules declare that kin differing with respect to binary distinctive features should be di...