General.?Recently it has been shown by Siddons and Bose (1944) that the compound (2-chloro-7 methoxy 5S-diethyl-amino-butyl) amino-acridine, hereafter called the butyl acridine, was highly effective in controlling the infection of Plasmodium knowlesi in rhesus monkeys even in small doses. The same compound has previously been shown by one of us (Basu and Bose, 1941) to exert a considerably high...

The kindlin (or fermitin) family of proteins comprises three members (kindlin-1,-2 and -3) of evolutionarily conserved focal adhesion (FA) proteins, whose best-known task is to increase integrin affinity for a ligand (also referred as integrin activation) through binding of β-integrin tails. The consequence of kindlin-mediated integrin activation and integrin-ligand binding is cell adhesion, sp...

For convex subsets X of a topological vector space E, we show that a KKM principle implies a Fan-Browder type fixed point theorem and that this theorem implies generalized forms of the Sion minimax theorem. The von Neumann-Sion minimax theorem is fundamental in convex analysis and in game theory. von Neumann [8] proved his theorem for simplexes by reducing the problem to the 1-dimensional cases...

Kindler syndrome (KS) is an autosomal recessive blistering skin disease resulting from pathogenic mutations in FERMT1. This gene encodes kindlin-1, a focal adhesion protein involved in activation of the integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Most cases of KS show a marked reduction or complete absence of the kindlin-1 protein in keratinocytes, resulting in defective cell adhesion an...

Let t ≥ 1 be an integer and letA be a family of subsets of {1, 2, . . . n} every two of which intersect in at least t elements. Identifying the sets with their characteristic vectors in {0, 1}n we study the maximal measure of such a family under a non uniform product measure. We prove, for a certain range of parameters, that the t-intersecting families of maximal measure are the families of all...

Spontaneous gene repair, also called revertant mosaicism, has been documented in several genetic disorders involving organs that undergo self-regeneration, including the skin. Genetic reversion may occur through different mechanisms, and in a single individual, the mutation can be repaired in various ways. Here we describe a disseminated pattern of revertant mosaicism observed in 6 patients wit...

Many statements in the study of computational complexity can be cast as statements about Boolean functions f : {−1, 1} → {−1, 1}. However, it was only very late in the last century that the analytic properties of such functions, often expressed via the Fourier transform on the Boolean hypercube, became the key ingredient in proofs of hardness of approximation. In this short survey, we give a br...

A set of n players, each holding a private input bit, communicate over a noisy broadcast channel. Their mutual goal is for all players to learn all inputs. At each round one of the players broadcasts a bit to all the other players, and the bit received by each player is flipped with a fixed constant probability (independently for each recipient). How many rounds are needed? This problem was fir...

The kindlin/fermitin family includes three proteins involved in regulating integrin ligand-binding activity and adhesion. Loss-of-function mutations in kindlins1 and 3 have been implicated in Kindler Syndrome and Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency III (LAD-III) respectively, whereas kindlin2 null mice are embryonic lethal. Post translational regulation of cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion has long bee...

We show a tight lower bound of Ω(N log logN) on the number of transmissions required to compute the parity of N input bits with constant error in a noisy communication network of N randomly placed sensors, each having one input bit and communicating with others using local transmissions with power near the connectivity threshold. This result settles the lower bound question left open by Ying, S...