The lightest atmospheric gas constituents, like H- and He- atoms, are known to escape from planetary gravitational fields open space. Hereby it counts that not only the uppermost layer, so-called exobase, contributes this escape, but layers below do contribute as well, especially since a nonthermal character of final particle outflow is induced.We consider H - atoms lower levels oxygen-dominate...

Let M be a triangulated, orientable 2-manifold of genus g without boundary, and let h be a height function over M that is linear within each triangle. We present a kinetic data structure (KDS) for maintaining the Reeb graph R of h as the heights of M’s vertices vary continuously with time. Assuming the heights of two vertices of M become equal only O(1) times, the KDS processes O((κ + g)n polyl...

Ginger waste material (GWM) has been utilized as adsorbent for removal of hazardousPatent Blue VF (PBVF) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments wereperformed as a function of pH, contact time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature.The optimum pH required for the maximum adsorption was found to be 2. The experimentalequilibrium adsorption data were tested using Langm...

We construct the non-canonical kinetic term of a k-essence field directly from the effective equation of state function wk(z), which describes the properties of the dark energy. Adopting the usual parametrizations of equation of state we numerically reproduce the shape of the non-canonical kinetic term and discuss some features of the constructed form of k-essence.

A mathematical model for the interaction kinetic in phage-bacterium culture is proposed. An appropriate analytical relationship between phage and bacterial concentrations has been derived. Characteristic kinetic constants have been obtained by comparing the experimental growth curves with computer-simulation analysis. The model allows also to evaluate the phage-yield as a function of the initia...

242 words, Introduction647 words, Discussion1499 words. 17 Disclosures / Conflict of Interests 18 The authors declare that no competing interests exist. BR, JG, and KMC performed 19 experiments and data analysis, and BR and KMC wrote the paper. 20