The effect of the operating conditions (temperature, time, pH, enzyme level and pulp consistency) used in the enzymatic step of a XP (Cartazyme-hydrogen peroxide) sequence for bleaching Kraft pulp from bagasse on various properties of the resulting pulp and paper sheet products was studied. The quality of bagasse used, was examined by its yield, brightness,viscosity and the Kappa number. Finall...

In this study a poorly biodegradable (BOD/COD = 0.3) industrial alkaline ECF bleaching filtrate was treated using different advanced oxidation processes to evaluate their use in combined chemical-biological treatment aimed at increasing recalcitrant COD removal and improving final effluent quality. Oxidative treatments included ozonation combined with hydrogen peroxide (2, 5, 10, 20 mmol L(-1) ...

The z-direction (ZD) elastic properties of paper have received little attention in the past because of measurement difficulties. This paper describes the effects of wet pressing, refining, and yield on three ZD elastic properties, C33 , C4 4 , and C55. The elastic parameters were measured using ultrasonic methods on an unbleached kraft oak pulp. The ZD elastic parameters were very sensitive to ...

Abstract The energy demand to produce cellulose nanofibrils, CNFs, is high and additionally the cost of starting material, pulp, substantial as purity dissolving pulp generally used. Pulps aimed for board paper are produced at higher yield they contain hemicelluloses and, in case unbleached lignin, would be a more economical material CNFs. It interest understand how presence hemicellulose ligni...

Bleached simao pine kraft pulp was treated with Aspergillus niger crude cellulase produced by submerged fermentation using the pulp as the carbon source. The effects of the cellulase on the pulp beatability and mechanical properties were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed to study the effect of cellulase treatment on the cellulose crystallinity index. The fib...