Second language (L2) learners are different. They learn with different speed and different results. There are many explanations for that issue. The general factors that influence second language learning are: age, aptitude and intelligence, cognitive style, attitudes, motivation and personality (Ellis 1985). The aim of this article is to present these factors and their contribution to success o...

ABSTACT Objective: to describe the process of translation and cultural adaptation of the scale of attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholics into the Spanish language. METHODS this was a methodological study, which followed the international guidelines for translation and adaptation of measurement scales. RESULTS During the process of translation and cultural adaptation of scale o...

This paper proposes a pedagogical framework for informal language learning services via interactive television. We argue that mapping current language learning theories onto learners' expressed attitudes to a) their language learning and b) interactive television can provide a sound pedagogical framework for iTV based language learning services. Based on this framework, we suggest a number of p...

Quantification over propositions is a necessary component of any theory of attitudes capable of providing a semantics of attitude ascriptions and a sophisticated system of reasoning about attitudes. There appear to be two general approaches to propositional quantification. One is developed within a first order quantificational language, the other in the language of higher order logic. The first...

Abstract Literature review indicates that an effective and good teacher has an important role in students' performances and their success. Pivotal roles of teachers may affect students’ attitudes and motivations to language learning. Improving the field of foreign language teaching and learning without improving the qualities of EFL teachers seems impossible. This attempt, at first hand, requir...

different factors determine language teachers’ degree of success in their teaching practices. among these factors, teachers’ own learning experience can play a pivotal role since it affects teachers’ attitudes toward aspects of the knowledge they are to teach. educators and researchers may have paid less attention to an indispensable component of teachers’ learning experience: learning strategi...

language educators are required to reflect upon content delivered to the students. teaching strategies should be adapted to keep students loyal to cultural identity as well as foster resistance to oppressive policies dictated within english language curricula. despite the significance of applying critical principles by teachers, it is not known whether iranian elt instructors and subject teache...

Abstract Literature review indicates that an effective and good teacher has an important role in students' performances and their success. Pivotal roles of teachers may affect students’ attitudes and motivations to language learning. Improving the field of foreign language teaching and learning without improving the qualities of EFL teachers seems impossible. This attempt, at first hand, requir...