For fish with parental care, a nest should meet both the oxygenation needs of the eggs and help protect them against predators. While a small nest opening facilitates the latter, it impedes the former and vice versa. We investigated how the presence of potential egg predators in the form of shore crabs Carcinus maenas affects nest building, egg fanning, defensive displays and filial cannibalism...

Path openings are morphological operators that are used to preserve long, thin, and curved structures in images. They have the ability to adapt to local image structures, which allows them to detect lines that are not perfectly straight. They are applicable in extracting cracks, roads, and more. Although path openings are very efficient to implement for binary images, the greyscale case is more...

in April 2000. His research interests include the management of social interaction in CMC systems, the links between CMC research and design, and the processes of interpersonal networking. Reader in the Department of English at The University of Queensland. She is the author of The Language of Negotiation and the Handbook of Persuasive Tactics. Her research interests include textual practices i...

Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) spawn in fall and hatch in spring; to protect their eggs over the winter they spawn on rocky reefs, where the eggs settle deeply into interstices. Uptake of water swells the eggs, further protecting them by lodging in crevices. Freshwater sculpin (Cottidae), the primary predator of salmonid eggs, are small, benthic fishes with malleable bodies and large heads. ...

Trinucleotide repeats sequences (TRS) represent a common type of genomic DNA motif whose expansion is associated with a large number of human diseases. The driving molecular mechanisms of the TRS ongoing dynamic expansion across generations and within tissues and its influence on genomic DNA functions are not well understood. Here we report results for a novel and notable collective breathing b...

Ion Beam Aperture Array Lithography was applied to top-down fabrication of large dense (10(8)-10(9) particles/cm(2)) arrays of uniform micron-scale particles at rates hundreds of times faster than electron beam lithography. In this process, a large array of helium ion beamlets is formed when a stencil mask containing an array of circular openings is illuminated by a broad beam of energetic (5-8...

A butterfly web girder is a box that has discretely distributed side-surface openings. Due to these openings, girders show better aerodynamic performance than conventional girders. This study aims investigate the effects of openings on instability when it placed in tandem with another girder. In addition, this whether one affected by an adjacent series wind tunnel tests will be carried out and ...

The article presents a calculation of the aeration multi-span greenhouse in cold period year with openings areas taken warm year. To achieve normalized flow rates supply and exhaust air, values which are different sources, calculations were performed at opening angles openings.