Pathologies in the larynx and trachea in the pediatric age can be characterized in 4 main groups: airway stenosis, acute infections, benign neoplasia and foreign body aspiration. In this review main diagnostic strategies and therapeutic options are presented. Laryngomalazia is the most frequent condition of supraglottic stenosis. The term supraglottoplasty summarizes all different techniques us...

conclusions endoscopic keel placement should be done with heavy suture through cricothyroid and thyrohyoid membranes. surgeons should suture the keel to the anterior laryngeal wall with specially designed lichtenberger’s needle-carriers to prevent complications such as keel aspiration, adhesion formation and imposing a second trip under general anesthetics, which put the patient at increased ri...

OBJECTIVES To describe our management of complex glottic stenosis in tracheotomy dependent children with severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. METHODS Retrospective chart review at a tertiary care children's hospital. RESULTS Three children with complex glottic stenosis secondary to severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis were treated at our institution since 2011. Two patients h...

BACKGROUND Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) can be either congenital or acquired. Laryngeal stenosis is most often encountered after prolonged intubation. The mechanism for stenosis following intubation is believed to be hypertrophic scarring. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has shown promising results in regenerative medicine. We aimed to systematically review the literature on MSC therapy...

During the fourth week of embryonic development, the rudiment of the respiratory tree appears as a median laryngotracheal groove in the ventral wall of the pharynx. The groove subsequently deepens and its edges fuse to form a septum, thus converting the groove into a splanchnopleuric laryngotracheal tube. This process of fusion commences caudally and extends cranially but does not involve the c...

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of mitomycin treatment on the pediatric airway following laryngotracheal reconstruction. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PATIENTS Children aged 2 to 17 years with subglottic or upper tracheal stenosis undergoing laryngotracheal reconstruction at a single, tertiary care, children's hospital. INTERVENTION At the time of extubation o...