Lung cancer mortality rates in Spain were calculated for the years 1951 to 1980. Increasing age-standardised rates for men and levelled off ones for women were observed. Available cigarette consumption data suggest that these current trends could change at the beginning of the next century when there may be a levelling off of male rates and an "epidemic" of female lung cancer.

‘Levelling up’ – a policy agenda focused on reducing regional inequalities has become the new mantra in British politics. This paper critiques programme from its emergence 2019 to publication of 2022 levelling up White Paper. While it is welcome recognition gross inequality, local institutions lack capacity deliver, there been little genuine devolution and our analysis shows that funding commit...

ICESat satellite laser altimetry provides an unprecedented set of global elevation measurements of the Earth, yielding great detail over ice, land and ocean surfaces. Coastal regions in particular, including seamless land-water transitions, benefit from the small footprint (50 to 90 m), high resolution (40 Hz, ~170 m along-track), and high precision (2 to 3 cm) of ICESat. We discuss the perform...

Direct orientation of laser systems has been widely used for airborne laser sensors but not with the terrestrial laser systems. The usual way to operate a terrestrial laser is by scanning a scene while the sensor remains static. In order to cover the whole scene, different scans can be combined by matching several common points, finally the orientation of the scene is performed by identifying a...

New Zealand, unlike most countries, does not have a single national vertical datum. Instead, twelve separate and poorly linked primary levelling networks tied to twelve different tide gauges are used. The current vertical datums are based on the false assumption that mean sea level, measured at the twelve tide gauges, corresponds to the same equipotential surface. Due to the effects of long-per...

Hybrid systems prepared by fixing a Re(i) complex and a dye on three types of TiO2 nanoparticles in two different ways commonly revealed persistent photocatalysis of the CO2 reduction to CO with no levelling-off tendency under visible-light irradiation in DMF, giving a turnover number of ≥435.

In this research paper, we consider wireless sensor networks in which the topology is under the control of the user. There are several applications in this category. We propose a novel levelling and clustering algorithm in such networks. By comparing the algorithm with earlier protocols, performance evaluation is carried out. It is realized that the algorithm can also be used for localization.