The operation of laser printers can lead to the emission high numbers ultrafine particles. Evidence on toxicology and adverse health effects these particles has been mounting, however few studies have investigated complexity in terms their volatility, hygroscopicity mixing state. This study utilized a Volatility Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (VH-TDMA) explore internal extern...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a potent technique for analyzing and detecting various targets, including toxic ions, pesticides, biomarkers, at the single-molecule level. The efficiency of SERS techniques relies heavily on underlying substrate, which primarily responsible strong induction localized plasmon resonance nanostructures. Noble metals such as gold silver were commonly u...

The authors develop a dynamic approach to measuring the evolution of comparative brand premium, an important component of brand equity. A comparative brand premium is defined as the pairwise price difference between two products being identical in every respect but brand. The model is based on hedonic regressions and grounded in economic theory. In constrast to existing approaches, the authors ...

Advances in laser technology have facilitated the development of printers which accept input in the form of pages rather than the lines characteristic of impact printers. Concurrently, page description languages (PDLs) have been designed to facilitate the integration of complex text and graphics for printing. PDLs are described in a variety of ways and the paper starts with a rationalization of...

today radiology and imaging are the only and main method to generate geometrical data from body. 3d model of the body will give us the best and reliable information for better understanding and diagnostic. on the other hand with development of cad/cam and rapid prototyping, the 3d printers were born to build 3d models without considering the geometry. today the 3d printers are able to makes a 3...

A tting system for multidimensional printer gamut data was produced The re sultant B Spline hyper volume provides a functional de nition of a printer s output capabilities Additional system features determine the closest point on a tted hyper surface to a point on its exterior This permits optimal reproduction of all colours including those not precisely obtainable by an output device Visualiza...

Protein micropatterns have applications in fundamental life sciences and clinical medicine. In this work, we present a new technique to create 2-D protein micropatterns by local activation of a thin film of thermoresponsive plasma-deposited poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (ppNIPAM) using a computer-controlled infrared laser beam. While the whole substrate is exposed to the protein solution, protein...