SCHARRER, ERWIN, CLIFTON A. BAILE, AND JEAN MAYER. Effect of amino acids and protein on food intake of hyperphagic and recovered aphagic rats. Am. J. Physiol. 218(Z): 400-404. 1970.Food intake of normal, recovered hypothalamic aphagic, and hypothalamic hyperphagic rats as affected by excessive dietary leucine, amino acid imbalance, and high level of dietary protein was investigated. In normals ...

Disruption of finely coordinated neuropeptide signals in the hypothalamus can result in altered food intake and body weight. We identified neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NENF) as a novel secreted protein through a large-scale screen aimed at identifying novel secreted hypothalamic proteins that regulate food intake. We observed robust Nenf expression in hypothalamic nuclei known to regulat...

Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered metabolic peptide hormone that decreases food intake after lateral, third, or fourth brain ventricle; cisterna magna; or paraventricular nucleus (PVN) injection in ad libitum fed rats. Additional micro-injection studies will improve the understanding of how nesfatin-1 acts on the brain and define specific nuclei responsive to nesfatin-1, which will provide in...

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4), a STAT family member, mediates interleukin 12 (IL12) signal transduction. IL12 is known to be related to calorie-restricted status. In the central nervous system, IL12 also enhances the production of nitric oxide (NO), which regulates food intake. In this study, the expression of neuronal NO synthase (Nos1), which is also related to fo...

Natural feeding behaviour in animals is genetically determined and is characteristic of the species. In the normal adult animal with readily available food supplies, the balance between energy intake from food and over-all energy output from the body is regulated with remarkable accuracy over long periods of time. This homeostatic regulation is controlled by the central nervous system, which mo...

GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors activation with agonists muscimol and baclofen, respectively in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN), induces water and hypertonic NaCl intake in rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of previous injections of losartan (AT(1) angiotensin receptor antagonist) into the LPBN on 0.3M NaCl and water intake induced by baclofen injected bilaterally...

Abstract Lowered glucose availability, sensed by the hindbrain, has been suggested to enhance gluconeogenesis and food intake as well suppress reproductive function. In fact, our previous histological in vitro studies suggest that hindbrain ependymal cells function a sensor. The present study aimed clarify sensor-hypothalamic neural pathway activated response glucoprivation mediate counterregul...

Aim: The associations between dietary macronutrient intake and neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have been widely reported; however, the causal effect remains unclear. current study aimed to estimate relationship (i.e., carbohydrate, fat, protein) NDDs [e.g., Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)]. Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied evalu...