The oscillations of a slowly rotating star have long been classified into spheroidal and toroidal modes. modes include the well-known 5-min acoustic used in helioseismology. Here we report observations Sun’s modes, for which restoring force is Coriolis whose periods are on order solar rotation period. By comparing with normal differentially spherical shell, able to identify many observed These ...

A framework for low-order predictive statistical modeling and uncertainty quantification in turbulent dynamical systems is developed here. These reduced-order, modified quasilinear Gaussian (ROMQG) algorithms apply to turbulent dynamical systems in which there is significant linear instability or linear nonnormal dynamics in the unperturbed system and energy-conserving nonlinear interactions th...

Direct numerical simulations are performed to investigate the interaction between a stably stratified jet and internal gravity waves from an adjacent shear layer with mild stratification. Results from two simulations are presented: one with the jet located far from the shear layer (far jet) and the other with the shear layer right on top of the jet (near jet). The near jet problem is motivated ...

Trace gases and aerosols play an important role in Arctic chemistry climate. As most tracers are transported from midlatitude source regions, long-range transport into the is one of key factors to understand current future states While previous studies have investigated airmass fraction transit time distribution Arctic, actual pathways their underlying dynamics efficiencies yet be understood. I...

Methods motivated by non-equilibrium statistical mechanics of turbulence are applied to solve an important practical problem in geophysical fluid dynamics, namely the parametrization of subgrid-scale eddies needed in large-eddy simulations (LESs). A direct stochastic modelling scheme that is closely related to techniques based on statistical closure theories, but which is more generally applica...

Magnetic fields lines are trapped in black hole event horizons by accreting plasma. If the field lightly loaded with plasma, then their motion is controlled footpoints on horizon and thus spin of hole. In this paper, we investigate boundary layer between polar a dense, equatorial accretion flow. We present an analytic model for aligned prograde retrograde systems argue that there significant sh...

VHF atmospheric radar is used to measure the wind velocity and radar echo power related to longperiod wind perturbations, including gravity waves, which are observed commonly in the lower stratosphere and tropopause region, and sometimes in the troposphere. These wind structures have been identi®ed previously as either inertia-gravity waves, often associated with jet streams, or mountain waves....

Experimental data from four field campaigns are used to explore the variability of the bulk Richardson number of the entire planetary boundary layer (PBL), Ribc, which is a key parameter for calculating the PBL height (PBLH) in numerical weather and climate models with the bulk Richardson number method. First, the PBLHs of three different thermally stratified boundary layers (i.e., strongly sta...